通过新开发的免疫粘附血凝试验检测诺沃克病毒抗体的流行情况。

Prevalence of antibody to the Norwalk agent by a newly developed immune adherence hemagglutination assay.

作者信息

Kapikian A Z, Greenberg H B, Cline W L, Kalica A R, Wyatt R G, James H D, Lloyd N L, Chanock R M, Ryder R W, Kim H W

出版信息

J Med Virol. 1978;2(4):281-94. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890020402.

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890020402

Abstract

An immune adherence hemagglutination assay (IAHA) for the detection of antibody to the Norwalk agent of acute epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis was developed using as antigen virus purified from stool from an experimentally infected volunteer. The assay was sensitive and specific and was efficient for detecting Norwalk antibody seroresponses. The prevalence of Norwalk antibody in various groups in the United States was studied. Antibody to the Norwalk agent was acquired gradually, beginning slowly in childhood and accelerating in the adult period so that by the fifth decade 50% possessed antibody. This pattern of antibody acquisition contrasted sharply with that for the human rotavirus of infantile gastroenteritis. Rotavirus antibody was acquired during early childhood by almost all individuals in the pediatric groups studied. Antibody to the Norwalk agent was also found in rural Bangladesh; in a small prevalence survey of 39 children and adults 21% possessed Norwalk IAHA antibody, whereas 95% possessed antibody to the human rotavirus.

摘要

一种用于检测急性流行性非细菌性胃肠炎诺沃克病毒抗体的免疫粘附血凝试验（IAHA）得以开发，该试验使用从一名实验性感染志愿者粪便中纯化的病毒作为抗原。该试验灵敏且特异，能有效地检测诺沃克抗体血清反应。对美国不同人群中诺沃克抗体的流行情况进行了研究。诺沃克病毒抗体是逐渐获得的，在儿童期开始缓慢，在成年期加速，以至于到五十岁时50%的人拥有抗体。这种抗体获得模式与婴幼儿胃肠炎的人类轮状病毒形成鲜明对比。在所研究的儿科组中，几乎所有个体在幼儿期就获得了轮状病毒抗体。在孟加拉国农村地区也发现了诺沃克病毒抗体；在对39名儿童和成人进行的一项小规模流行率调查中，21%的人拥有诺沃克IAHA抗体，而95%的人拥有人类轮状病毒抗体。