Clem Angela S
Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
J Glob Infect Dis. 2011 Jan;3(1):73-8. doi: 10.4103/0974-777X.77299.
From a literature review of the current literature, this article provides an introduction to vaccine immunology including a primer on the components of the immune system, passive vs. active immunization, the mechanism(s) by which immunizations stimulate(s) immunity, and the types of vaccines available. Both the innate and adaptive immune subsystems are necessary to provide an effective immune response to an immunization. Further, effective immunizations must induce long-term stimulation of both the humoral and cell-mediated arms of the adaptive system by the production of effector cells and memory cells. At least seven different types of vaccines are currently in use or in development that produce this effective immunity and have contributed greatly to the prevention of infectious disease around the world.
通过对当前文献的综述，本文介绍了疫苗免疫学，包括免疫系统组成部分的入门知识、被动免疫与主动免疫、免疫接种刺激免疫的机制以及可用疫苗的类型。先天免疫子系统和适应性免疫子系统对于对免疫接种产生有效的免疫反应都是必需的。此外，有效的免疫接种必须通过产生效应细胞和记忆细胞来诱导对适应性系统的体液免疫和细胞介导免疫分支的长期刺激。目前至少有七种不同类型的疫苗正在使用或研发中，它们产生这种有效的免疫力，并为全球预防传染病做出了巨大贡献。
