Department of Infection, Immunity & Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2011 Jul;68(14):2443-52. doi: 10.1007/s00018-011-0706-6. Epub 2011 May 15.
The series of seminal articles in this book clearly illustrate the multi-functional nature of γδ T cells. Some of the functions correlate with the tissue tropism of distinct γδ T cell subsets whereas others appear to result from oligoclonal selection. Here, we discuss the antigen-presenting cell (APC) function of the major subset of circulating γδ T cells, Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells, present in human blood. During tissue culture, Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells uniformly respond to a class of non-peptide antigens, so-called prenyl pyrophosphates, derived from stressed host cells or from microbes. It is this feature that distinguishes human (and primate) Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells from αβ and γδ T cells of all other species and that forms the basis for detailed studies of human Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells. One of the consequences of Vγ9/Vδ2 T cell activation is the rapid acquisition of APC characteristics (γδ T-APCs) reminiscent of mature dendritic cells (DCs). In the following discussion, we will discriminate between the potential use of γδ T-APCs as a cellular vaccine in immunotherapy and their role in anti-microbial immunity. Exploiting the APC function in γδ T-APCs represents a true novelty in current immunotherapy research and may lead to effective, anti-tumor immunity in cancer patients.
本书中的一系列开创性文章清楚地阐明了 γδ T 细胞的多功能性。其中一些功能与不同 γδ T 细胞亚群的组织趋向性相关，而其他功能似乎是由寡克隆选择产生的。在这里，我们讨论了循环 γδ T 细胞中的主要亚群 Vγ9/Vδ2 T 细胞的抗原呈递细胞 (APC) 功能，其存在于人类血液中。在组织培养中，Vγ9/Vδ2 T 细胞均匀地对一类非肽抗原（所谓的异戊烯焦磷酸）产生反应，这些抗原来源于应激宿主细胞或微生物。正是这一特征将人类（和灵长类动物）的 Vγ9/Vδ2 T 细胞与所有其他物种的 αβ 和 γδ T 细胞区分开来，并为人类 Vγ9/Vδ2 T 细胞的详细研究奠定了基础。Vγ9/Vδ2 T 细胞激活的后果之一是迅速获得 APC 特征（γδ T-APCs），类似于成熟的树突状细胞 (DCs)。在下面的讨论中，我们将区分 γδ T-APCs 作为细胞疫苗在免疫治疗中的潜在用途及其在抗微生物免疫中的作用。利用 γδ T-APCs 的 APC 功能代表了当前免疫治疗研究中的真正创新，可能会为癌症患者带来有效的抗肿瘤免疫。
