Samueli Institute, 1737 King Street, Suite 600, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011 Jun 27;366(1572):1896-904. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0405.
The terms 'placebo' and 'placebo effects' cause confusion among patients, practitioners and scientists. This confusion results in both the adoption of practices that have no evidence of specificity yet considerable risk (such as surgery for low back pain) or the elimination of clinical practices proven to facilitate healing because they are not 'better than placebo' (such as acupuncture for low back pain). In this article, I discuss these issues and introduce the concept of optimal healing environment as a framework for disentangling what is useful from placebo research for adopting into clinical practice in a manner that is ethical and evidence-based.
“安慰剂”和“安慰剂效应”这两个术语在患者、医生和科学家之间造成了混淆。这种混淆导致了两种情况的发生：一种是采用了没有特异性但风险很大的治疗方法（如治疗腰痛的手术）；另一种是摒弃了已被证明有助于康复但因为不是“优于安慰剂”的临床实践（如治疗腰痛的针灸）。在本文中，我将讨论这些问题，并介绍最佳治疗环境的概念，以此作为一种框架，将安慰剂研究中有用的部分与在伦理和基于证据的前提下将其应用于临床实践区分开来。
