Varda Natasa Marcun, Gregoric Alojz
Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre, Maribor, Slovenia.
Pediatr Rep. 2009 Jun 8;1(1):e1. doi: 10.4081/pr.2009.e1.
The metabolic syndrome (MS) in adults is defined as a concurrence of obesity, disturbed glucose and insulin metabolism, hypertension and dyslipidemia, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Studies now indicate that many of its components are also present in children and adolescents. Moreover, the clustering of these risk factors has been documented in some children, who are at increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. The MS is highly prevalent among overweight children and adolescents. Identifying these children is important for early prevention and treatment of different components of the syndrome. The first-line treatment comprises lifestyle modification consisting of diet and exercise. The most effective tool for prevention of the MS is to stop the development of childhood obesity. The first attempt at consensus-based pediatric diagnostic criteria was published in 2007 by the International Diabetes Federation. Nevertheless, national prevalence data, based on uniform pediatric definition, protocols for prevention, early recognition and effective treatment of pediatric MS are still needed.The aim of this article is to provide a short overview of the diagnosis and treatment options of childhood MS, as well as to present the relationships between MS and its individual components.
成人代谢综合征（MS）被定义为肥胖、糖代谢和胰岛素代谢紊乱、高血压及血脂异常同时存在的情况，并且与心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的发病率及死亡率增加相关。目前研究表明，其许多组分在儿童和青少年中也存在。此外，已证实部分儿童存在这些危险因素的聚集，他们成年后心血管疾病风险增加。MS在超重儿童和青少年中非常普遍。识别这些儿童对于该综合征不同组分的早期预防和治疗很重要。一线治疗包括通过饮食和运动进行生活方式改变。预防MS最有效的方法是阻止儿童肥胖的发展。国际糖尿病联盟于2007年首次发布了基于共识的儿科诊断标准。然而，仍需要基于统一儿科定义的全国患病率数据、儿科MS的预防、早期识别及有效治疗方案。本文旨在简要概述儿童MS的诊断和治疗选择，以及介绍MS与其各个组分之间的关系。
