Centre for Vision and Vascular Science, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK.
Curr Diab Rep. 2011 Aug;11(4):244-52. doi: 10.1007/s11892-011-0198-7.
Diabetic retinopathy is a major diabetic complication with a highly complex etiology. Although there are many pathways involved, it has become established that chronic exposure of the retina to hyperglycemia gives rise to accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that play an important role in retinopathy. In addition, the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) is ubiquitously expressed in various retinal cells and is upregulated in the retinas of diabetic patients, resulting in activation of pro-oxidant and proinflammatory signaling pathways. This AGE-RAGE axis appears to play a central role in the sustained inflammation, neurodegeneration, and retinal microvascular dysfunction occurring during diabetic retinopathy. The nature of AGE formation and RAGE signaling bring forward possibilities for therapeutic intervention. The multiple components of the AGE-RAGE axis, including signal transduction, formation of ligands, and the end-point effectors, may be promising targets for strategies to treat diabetic retinopathy.
糖尿病性视网膜病变是一种主要的糖尿病并发症，其病因非常复杂。虽然涉及许多途径，但已经确定，视网膜长期暴露于高血糖会导致晚期糖基化终产物 (AGEs) 的积累，AGEs 在视网膜病变中起着重要作用。此外，AGE 的受体 (RAGE) 在各种视网膜细胞中广泛表达，并在糖尿病患者的视网膜中上调，导致促氧化剂和促炎信号通路的激活。这个 AGE-RAGE 轴似乎在糖尿病性视网膜病变期间发生的持续炎症、神经退行性变和视网膜微血管功能障碍中起着核心作用。AGE 形成和 RAGE 信号的性质提出了治疗干预的可能性。AGE-RAGE 轴的多个成分，包括信号转导、配体的形成和终点效应物，可能是治疗糖尿病性视网膜病变的策略的有前途的靶点。
