Research Foundation Flanders, FWO, Brussels, Belgium.
Health Place. 2011 Jul;17(4):1011-4. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.05.005. Epub 2011 May 13.
The study's aims were to examine whether residential self-selection differed according to socio-demographic characteristics and objectively assessed neighborhood walkability; and, whether objectively assessed walkability was a significant correlate of physical activity (PA) beyond residential self-selection. In total, 412 adults (aged 20-65 years) completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the long IPAQ, a neighborhood selection questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for seven days. Walkability characteristics were an important reason for selecting the current neighborhood and were more important for women, older and less-educated adults, but not for high-walkable neighborhood residents. Both in the total sample and in participants with high residential self-selection scores, walkability was positively related to active transportation and objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous PA. Designing walkable neighborhoods may help to increase adults' PA, even in those for whom walkability is an important criterion when choosing their neighborhood. However, findings from studies with longitudinal and controlled designs are required to provide more strongly causal evidence.
本研究旨在探讨居住者的自我选择是否因社会人口特征和客观评估的邻里可步行性而有所不同；以及客观评估的可步行性是否是超越居住者自我选择的身体活动（PA）的重要相关因素。共有 412 名成年人（年龄在 20-65 岁之间）完成了一份社会人口学问卷、一份长 IPAQ、一份邻里选择问卷，并佩戴加速度计进行了七天的测量。可步行性特征是选择当前邻里的一个重要原因，对女性、年龄较大和受教育程度较低的成年人更为重要，但对高可步行性邻里居民则不然。无论是在总样本中还是在自我选择得分较高的参与者中，可步行性与积极的交通方式和客观测量的中等到剧烈的 PA 均呈正相关。设计可步行的邻里环境可能有助于增加成年人的 PA，即使对于那些在选择居住环境时将可步行性作为重要标准的人也是如此。然而，需要进行具有纵向和对照设计的研究，以提供更有力的因果证据。
