Mena Nelson, Troyo Adriana, Bonilla-Carrión Roger, Calderón-Arguedas Olger
Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2011 Apr;29(4):234-42. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892011000400004.
Determine the extent to which socioeconomic, demographic, geographic, and climate variables affected the incidence of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever (D/DH) in Costa Rica during the period 1999-2007.
A correlational epidemiologic study was conducted that analyzed the cumulative incidence of D/DH from 1999 to 2007 and its association with different variables in the country's 81 cantons. Information was obtained from secondary sources, and the independent variables used for the analysis were selected on the basis of their representativeness in terms of sociodemographic, environmental, and health coverage factors that affect the epidemiology of D/DH. These variables were divided into four groups of indicators: demographic, socioeconomic, housing, and climate and geographical. The data were analyzed by means of simple and multiple Poisson regressions.
The Costa Rican cantons with a higher incidence of D/DH were located primarily near the coast, coinciding with some of the variables studied. Temperature, altitude, and the human poverty index were the most relevant variables in explaining the incidence of D/DH, while temperature was the most significant variable in the multiple analyses.
The analyses made it possible to correlate a higher incidence of D/DH with lower-altitude cantons, higher temperature, and a high human poverty index ranking. This information is relevant as a first step toward prioritizing and optimizing actions for the prevention and control of this disease.
确定1999 - 2007年期间社会经济、人口、地理和气候变量对哥斯达黎加登革热和登革出血热（D/DH）发病率的影响程度。
开展了一项相关性流行病学研究，分析了1999年至2007年期间D/DH的累积发病率及其与该国81个县不同变量的关联。信息来自二手资料，用于分析的自变量是根据其在影响D/DH流行病学的社会人口、环境和卫生覆盖因素方面的代表性来选择的。这些变量分为四组指标：人口、社会经济、住房以及气候和地理指标。数据通过简单和多重泊松回归进行分析。
D/DH发病率较高的哥斯达黎加县主要位于沿海地区，与一些研究变量相符。温度、海拔和人类贫困指数是解释D/DH发病率最相关的变量，而在多重分析中温度是最显著的变量。
分析表明，D/DH发病率较高与低海拔县、较高温度和高人类贫困指数排名相关。该信息对于优先安排和优化该疾病预防与控制行动而言是重要的第一步。
