Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011 Jul;101(1):185-201. doi: 10.1037/a0023781.
Do narcissists have insight into the negative aspects of their personality and reputation? Using both clinical and subclinical measures of narcissism, the authors examined others' perceptions, self-perceptions, and meta-perceptions of narcissists across a wide range of traits for a new acquaintance and close other (Study 1), longitudinally with a group of new acquaintances (Study 2), and among coworkers (Study 3). Results bring 3 surprising conclusions about narcissists: (a) they understand that others see them less positively than they see themselves (i.e., their meta-perceptions are less biased than are their self-perceptions), (b) they have some insight into the fact that they make positive first impressions that deteriorate over time, and (c) they have insight into their narcissistic personality (e.g., they describe themselves as arrogant). These findings shed light on some of the psychological mechanisms underlying narcissism.
自恋者是否能洞察到自己个性和声誉的负面方面？作者使用临床和亚临床的自恋量表，在广泛的特质上，通过新相识（研究 1）、新相识的纵向研究（研究 2）和同事（研究 3），考察了他人对自恋者的看法、自恋者的自我认知和元认知。研究结果对自恋者得出了 3 个令人惊讶的结论：（a）他们知道别人对他们的看法不如他们对自己的看法那么积极（即，他们的元认知比自我认知的偏见要小）；（b）他们对自己一开始给人留下积极印象但随着时间的推移而恶化这一事实有一定的洞察力；（c）他们对自己的自恋个性有洞察力（例如，他们形容自己傲慢）。这些发现揭示了自恋背后的一些心理机制。
