Alvarado-Esquivel C, Rajendran C, Ferreira L R, Kwok O C H, Choudhary S, Alvarado-Esquivel D, Rodríguez-Peña S, Villena I, Dubey J P
Faculty of Medicine, Juárez University of Durango State, Avenida Universidad S/N esquina Fanny Anitua, 34000 Durango, Dgo, Mexico.
J Parasitol. 2011 Oct;97(5):809-12. doi: 10.1645/GE-2844.1. Epub 2011 May 25.
There is a lack of information concerning the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild birds in Mexico. In the present study, serum samples and tissues from 653 birds from Durango State, Mexico, were evaluated for T. gondii infection. Antibodies to T. gondii (modified agglutination test, titer 1∶25 or higher) were found in 17 (2.6%) of the 653 birds, including 1 of 2 curve-billed thrashers (Toxostoma curvirostre), 2 (1 Anas platyrhynchos, 1 Anas diazi) of 4 ducks, 1 of 2 eagles (Aquila sp.), 5 (27.8%) of 18 great-tailed grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus), 7 (1.3%) of 521 rock pigeons (Columba livia), and 1 (14.3%) of 7 quail (Coturnix coturnix). The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in birds captured in a park outside the city zoo (11.6%, 8/69) was significantly higher than that found in birds from other regions (1.5%, 9/584, OR = 8.38; 95% CI: 2.82-24.77; P = 0.0001). Brains and hearts of 23 birds (17 seropositive, 6 seronegative) were bioassayed in mice for the isolation of T. gondii . Viable T. gondii was isolated from 1 of 7 seropositive pigeons. The DNA obtained from the T. gondii isolate from the pigeon was genotyped using the PCR-RFLP typing using 11 markers (B1, SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico) and revealed an atypical genotype. This is the first report of T. gondii infection in great-tailed grackles, the Mexican duck, and curved-billed thrashers and the first survey of wild birds in Mexico.
关于墨西哥野生鸟类中弓形虫感染率的信息匮乏。在本研究中，对来自墨西哥杜兰戈州的653只鸟类的血清样本和组织进行了弓形虫感染评估。在653只鸟类中，有17只（2.6%）检测到针对弓形虫的抗体（改良凝集试验，滴度为1∶25或更高），其中包括2只弯嘴嘲鸫（Toxostoma curvirostre）中的1只、4只鸭子中的2只（1只绿头鸭、1只墨西哥鸭）、2只鹰（Aquila sp.）中的1只、18只大嘴拟八哥（Quiscalus mexicanus）中的5只（27.8%）、521只原鸽（Columba livia）中的7只（1.3%）以及7只鹌鹑（Coturnix coturnix）中的1只（14.3%）。在城市动物园外一个公园捕获的鸟类中，弓形虫感染的血清阳性率（11.6%，8/69）显著高于其他地区的鸟类（1.5%，9/584，OR = 8.38；95% CI：2.82 - 24.77；P = 0.0001）。对23只鸟类（17只血清阳性、6只血清阴性）的大脑和心脏在小鼠中进行生物测定以分离弓形虫。从7只血清阳性的鸽子中的1只分离出了活的弓形虫。使用11个标记（B1、SAG1、SAG2、SAG3、BTUB、GRA6、c22 - 8、c29 - 2、L358、PK1和Apico）通过PCR - RFLP分型对从鸽子分离出的弓形虫获得的DNA进行基因分型，结果显示为一种非典型基因型。这是关于大嘴拟八哥、墨西哥鸭和弯嘴嘲鸫中弓形虫感染的首次报告，也是墨西哥野生鸟类的首次调查。
