The University of Queensland, Children’s Nutrition Research Centre, School of Medicine, Royal Children’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
Nutr J. 2011 May 26;10:58. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-58.
It is evident from previous research that the role of dietary composition in relation to the development of childhood obesity remains inconclusive. Several studies investigating the relationship between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and/or skin fold measurements with energy intake have suggested that the macronutrient composition of the diet (protein, carbohydrate, fat) may play an important contributing role to obesity in childhood as it does in adults. This study investigated the possible relationship between BMI and WC with energy intake and percentage energy intake from macronutrients in Australian children and adolescents.
Height, weight and WC measurements, along with 24 h food and drink records (FDR) intake data were collected from 2460 boys and girls aged 5-17 years living in the state of Queensland, Australia.
Statistically significant, yet weak correlations between BMI z-score and WC with total energy intake were observed in grades 1, 5 and 10, with only 55% of subjects having a physiologically plausible 24 hr FDR. Using Pearson correlations to examine the relationship between BMI and WC with energy intake and percentage macronutrient intake, no significant correlations were observed between BMI z-score or WC and percentage energy intake from protein, carbohydrate or fat. One way ANOVAs showed that although those with a higher BMI z-score or WC consumed significantly more energy than their lean counterparts.
No evidence of an association between percentage macronutrient intake and BMI or WC was found. Evidently, more robust longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the relationship linking obesity and dietary intake.
从先前的研究中可以明显看出，饮食成分与儿童肥胖发展之间的关系仍不确定。一些研究调查了体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）和/或体脂测量值与能量摄入之间的关系，这些研究表明，饮食中的宏量营养素组成（蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪）可能像在成年人中一样，对儿童肥胖起着重要的作用。本研究调查了澳大利亚儿童和青少年 BMI 和 WC 与能量摄入以及宏量营养素能量摄入百分比之间的可能关系。
从澳大利亚昆士兰州 5-17 岁的 2460 名男孩和女孩中收集了身高、体重和 WC 测量值以及 24 小时食物和饮料记录（FDR）摄入数据。
在 1、5 和 10 年级，BMI z 分数和 WC 与总能量摄入之间存在统计学上显著但较弱的相关性，只有 55%的受试者有生理上合理的 24 小时 FDR。使用 Pearson 相关性检验 BMI 和 WC 与能量摄入和宏量营养素百分比摄入之间的关系，未观察到 BMI z 分数或 WC 与蛋白质、碳水化合物或脂肪的能量摄入百分比之间存在显著相关性。单因素方差分析表明，尽管 BMI z 分数或 WC 较高的人消耗的能量明显多于其瘦弱的同龄人。
未发现宏量营养素百分比摄入与 BMI 或 WC 之间存在关联的证据。显然，需要更强大的纵向研究来阐明肥胖与饮食摄入之间的关系。
