1991年至2006年中国9个省（自治区）18 - 44岁成年人的奶类消费及其变化趋势

[Milk consumption and its changing trend of Chinese adult aged 18 - 44 in nine provinces (autonomous region) from 1991 to 2006].

作者信息

Liu Ai-Dong, Zhang Bing, DU Wen-Wen, Wang Hui-Jun, Su Chang, Zhai Feng-Ying

机构信息

National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.

出版信息

Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2011 Apr;45(4):304-9.

PMID:21624323

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the age, gender and region specified milk consumption and its changing trends of Chinese 18 - 44 years old adults in 9 provinces (autonomous region) from 1991 to 2006.

METHODS

The data of 18 - 44 aged old adults investigated in Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2006 in 9 provinces (autonomous region) were utilized. The numbers of the subjects selected in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2006 were 5593, 5491, 5334, 4188 and 3908, respectively. Changes of the percentage of milk consumption, average intake of daily milk and dietary calcium intake were analyzed across different groups of gender, income levels, and areas.

RESULTS

There was an increasing trend in the percentage of milk consumption and daily intake of milk from 1991 to 2006. The average percentage of Chinese adult milk consumption went up from 2.2% (123/5593) in 1991 to 7.6% (297/3908) in 2006 (Z = -22.16, P < 0.01). Specifically, urban adult and rural adult showed significant increase in the percentages from 9.7% (80/823) to 23.7% (112/472) (Z = -12.81, P < 0.01) and 0.1% (2/2937) to 1.8% (36/1987) (Z = -9.21, P < 0.01) respectively. Percentages of adult who ever drank milk at top income level and bottom income level increased from 4.7% (95/2006) to 14.6% (200/1373) (Z = -17.36, P < 0.01) and from 0.1% (2/1748) to 2.4% (28/1171) (Z = -9.58, P < 0.01), respectively. Meanwhile, the average daily intake of milk increased from (3.6 ± 24.6) g/d in 1991 to (11.8 ± 51.4) g/d in 2006 (F = 67.07, P < 0.01). The daily milk consumption among top income level adults and bottom income level adults increased from (8.5 ± 50.9) g/d to (23.1 ± 71.5) g/d and from (0.2 ± 6.5) g/d to (3.3 ± 23.5) g/d (F = 13.90, P < 0.01), respectively. From 1991 to 2006, milk consumers significantly promoted their percentage of achieving the Chinese dietary reference intake on calcium (800 mg/d) from 6.5% (8/123) to 12.8% (38/297) (Z = -1.67, P < 0.05), whereas this percentage increased from 1.6% (38/5470) to 3.6% (130/3611) among milk non-consumers (Z = -5.66, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

Chinese adult milk intake still remains in quite low level, and the situation of milk consumption among rural adults requires further promotion.

摘要

目的

调查1991年至2006年中国9个省（自治区）18 - 44岁成年人按年龄、性别和地区划分的奶类消费情况及其变化趋势。

方法

利用1991年至2006年在中国9个省（自治区）进行的中国健康与营养调查中18 - 44岁成年人的数据。1991年、1993年、1997年、2000年、2004年和2006年选取的研究对象数量分别为5593、5491、5334、4188和3908。分析了不同性别、收入水平和地区组之间奶类消费百分比、奶类日均摄入量和膳食钙摄入量的变化。

结果

1991年至2006年奶类消费百分比和奶类日均摄入量呈上升趋势。中国成年人奶类消费平均百分比从1991年的2.2%（123/5593）升至2006年的7.6%（297/3908）（Z = -22.16，P < 0.01）。具体而言，城市成年人和农村成年人的百分比分别从9.7%（80/823）显著升至23.7%（112/472）（Z = -12.81，P < 0.01）和从0.1%（2/2937）升至1.8%（36/1987）（Z = -9.21，P < 0.01）。高收入水平和低收入水平成年人中曾经喝过奶类的百分比分别从4.7%（95/2006）升至14.6%（200/1373）（Z = -17.36，P < 0.01）和从0.1%（2/1748）升至2.4%（28/1171）（Z = -9.58，P < 0.01）。同时，奶类日均摄入量从1991年的（3.6 ± 24.6）g/天增至2006年的（11.8 ± 51.4）g/天（F = 67.07，P < 0.01）。高收入水平成年人和低收入水平成年人的奶类日消费量分别从（8.5 ± 50.9）g/天增至（23.1 ± 71.5）g/天和从（(0.2\pm6.5)）g/天增至（3.3 ± 23.5）g/天（F = 13.90，P < 0.01）。1991年至2006年，奶类消费者达到中国膳食钙参考摄入量（800mg/天）的百分比从6.5%（8/123）显著升至12.8%（38/297）（Z = -1.67，P < 0.05），而在未饮用奶类者中这一百分比从1.6%（38/5470）升至3.6%（130/3611）（Z = -5.66，P < 0.01）。