Songnan Town Community Health Service Center, 301 Songliang Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200441, China.
Department of General Practice, International Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 130 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Feb 21;23(1):374. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15254-1.
Chinese residents generally had insufficient intake of dairy products. The correct mastery of dairy related knowledge helps to develop a good habit of dairy intake. Dairy intake and purchasing behavior were related to multiple factors. As an attempt to lay a scientific basis for guiding the rational intake of dairy by Chinese residents, we launched a survey to discover Chinese residents' knowledge about dairy product, intake and purchasing behavior of dairy and its influencing factors.
An online survey was conducted from May to June 2021, and 2500 Chinese residents aged 16-65 were selected using the convenient sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was adopted. Analysis of the demographic and sociological factors influencing Chinese residents' knowledge about dairy products, behavior towards dairy intake and purchasing were measured.
The average score of knowledge about dairy product of Chinese residents was 4.13 ± 1.50 points. 99.7% of the respondents considered that drinking milk was beneficial, whereas only 12.8% gained a correct insight into the specific benefits of drinking milk. 4.6% of the respondents correctly knew what nutrients they could get from milk. 4.0% of the respondents could correctly identify the type of dairy product. 50.5% of the respondents knew that adult should drink at least 300 ml milk per day. Female, young and high-income residents had better dairy knowledge, while residents with lactose intolerance and whose family members do not have a milk-drinking habit had worse dairy knowledge (P < 0.05). On average, Chinese residents consumed 255.61 ± 88.40 ml dairy product per day. The elderly residents, residents with low education level, residents who lived with family members without milk-drinking habits and residents with poor knowledge of dairy product had worse dairy intake behavior (P < 0.05). When purchasing dairy products, young and middle-aged people (54.20% of those aged ≤ 30, 58.97% of those aged 31-44, and 57.08% of those aged 45-59) were most concerned about whether probiotics were added to dairy products. The elderly (47.25%) were most concerned about whether dairy products were low sugar / sugar free. Chinese residents (52.24%) tended to purchase small-packaged dairy products that could be consumed easily anytime and anywhere.
Chinese residents had a lack of knowledge regarding dairy products, and their dairy intake was insufficient. We should further strengthen the popularization of dairy product related knowledge, guide residents to choose dairy products correctly, and increase the intake of dairy products by Chinese residents.
中国居民普遍存在奶制品摄入不足的情况。正确掌握奶制品相关知识有助于养成良好的奶制品摄入习惯。奶制品摄入和购买行为与多种因素有关。为了为指导中国居民合理摄入奶制品奠定科学基础，我们开展了一项调查，以了解中国居民对奶制品的认知、奶制品摄入和购买情况及其影响因素。
采用便利抽样法，于 2021 年 5 月至 6 月，选取年龄 16~65 岁的中国居民 2500 名进行在线调查。采用自行设计的问卷，分析影响中国居民奶制品认知、奶制品摄入和购买行为的人口社会学因素。
中国居民奶制品知识平均得分为（4.13±1.50）分。99.7%的调查对象认为喝牛奶有益，但仅有 12.8%能正确认识到喝牛奶的具体益处。4.6%的调查对象能正确说出从牛奶中能获得哪些营养物质，4.0%的调查对象能正确识别奶制品的类型，50.5%的调查对象知道成年人每天应至少饮用 300 ml 牛奶。女性、年轻人和高收入居民奶制品知识较好，而乳糖不耐受者和其家庭成员无饮奶习惯者奶制品知识较差（P<0.05）。中国居民平均每天摄入 255.61±88.40 ml 奶制品。高龄、低文化程度、与无饮奶习惯家庭成员共同居住和奶制品知识较差者奶制品摄入行为较差（P<0.05）。在购买奶制品时，年轻人和中年人（≤30 岁者占 54.20%，3144 岁者占 58.97%，4559 岁者占 57.08%）最关注是否添加益生菌，老年人（47.25%）最关注是否低糖/无糖。中国居民（52.24%）倾向于购买便于随时随地轻松食用的小包装奶制品。
中国居民奶制品知识缺乏，奶制品摄入不足。应进一步加强奶制品相关知识普及，指导居民正确选择奶制品，增加中国居民奶制品摄入量。
