Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
J Autoimmun. 2011 Sep;37(2):144-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2011.05.007. Epub 2011 May 31.
Immunoglobulins (Ig) or antibodies are heavy plasma proteins, with sugar chains added to amino acid residues by N-linked glycosylation and occasionally by O-linked glycosylation. The versatility of antibodies is demonstrated by the various functions that they mediate such as neutralization, agglutination, fixation with activation of complement and activation of effector cells. In addition to this plethora of functions, some antibodies express enzymatic activity. Antibodies endowed with enzymatic properties have been described in human autoimmune manifestations in a variety of disorders such as autoimmune thyroiditis, systemic erythematosus (SLE), scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS) and acquired hemophilia (AH). Antibodies isolated from these conditions were able to specifically hydrolyze thyroglobulin, DNA, RNA, myelin basic protein (MBP), and factor VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX), respectively. The therapeutic relevance of these findings is discussed.
免疫球蛋白（Ig）或抗体是重的血浆蛋白，通过 N-连接糖基化和偶尔的 O-连接糖基化在氨基酸残基上添加糖链。抗体的多功能性表现在它们介导的各种功能上，如中和、凝集、固定并激活补体和激活效应细胞。除了这些众多的功能外，一些抗体还具有酶活性。在各种疾病中，如自身免疫性甲状腺炎、系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）、硬皮病、类风湿关节炎（RA）、多发性硬化症（MS）和获得性血友病（AH），已经描述了具有酶特性的抗体。从这些情况下分离出的抗体能够特异性地水解甲状腺球蛋白、DNA、RNA、髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）和因子 VIII（FVIII）或因子 IX（FIX）。讨论了这些发现的治疗相关性。
