Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
J Clin Invest. 2011 Jun;121(6):2133-41. doi: 10.1172/JCI46043. Epub 2011 Jun 1.
The discovery of the genetic basis for circadian rhythms has expanded our knowledge of the temporal organization of behavior and physiology. The observations that the circadian gene network is present in most living organisms from eubacteria to humans, that most cells and tissues express autonomous clocks, and that disruption of clock genes results in metabolic dysregulation have revealed interactions between metabolism and circadian rhythms at neural, molecular, and cellular levels. A major challenge remains in understanding the interplay between brain and peripheral clocks and in determining how these interactions promote energy homeostasis across the sleep-wake cycle. In this Review, we evaluate how investigation of molecular timing may create new opportunities to understand and develop therapies for obesity and diabetes.
昼夜节律的遗传基础的发现扩展了我们对行为和生理学时间组织的认识。从真细菌到人类，大多数生物体都存在昼夜基因网络，大多数细胞和组织都表达自主时钟，而时钟基因的破坏会导致代谢失调，这些观察结果揭示了代谢和昼夜节律在神经、分子和细胞水平上的相互作用。一个主要的挑战仍然是理解大脑和外周时钟之间的相互作用，并确定这些相互作用如何促进睡眠-觉醒周期中的能量平衡。在这篇综述中，我们评估了分子计时的研究如何为肥胖和糖尿病的理解和治疗创造新的机会。
