Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1109, USA.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2012 Feb;141(1):31-6. doi: 10.1037/a0023817. Epub 2011 May 30.
This research provides experimental evidence for cultural influence on one of the most basic elements of emotional processing: attention to positive versus negative stimuli. To this end, we focused on Russian culture, which is characterized by brooding and melancholy. In Study 1, Russians spent significantly more time looking at negative than positive pictures, whereas Americans did not show this tendency. In Study 2, Russian Latvians were randomly primed with symbols of each culture, after which we measured the speed of recognition for positive versus negative trait words. Biculturals were significantly faster in recognizing negative words (as compared with baseline) when primed with Russian versus Latvian cultural symbols. Greater identification with Russian culture facilitated this effect. We provide a theoretical discussion of mental processes underlying cultural differences in emotion research.
即对积极刺激与消极刺激的注意。为此，我们关注俄罗斯文化，其特点是沉思和忧郁。在研究 1 中，俄罗斯人花在观看消极图片上的时间明显多于观看积极图片，而美国人则没有表现出这种倾向。在研究 2 中，我们用两种文化的符号对俄罗斯拉脱维亚人进行了随机启动，之后测量了他们识别积极与消极特征词的速度。与拉脱维亚文化符号相比，用俄罗斯文化符号启动时，被试对消极词汇的识别速度更快（与基线相比）。对俄罗斯文化的认同度越高，这种影响就越大。我们对情绪研究中文化差异背后的心理过程进行了理论探讨。
