Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales et Emergentes, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex 5, 13385 France.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2011;65:169-88. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090110-102922.
The availability of genome sequences has revolutionized the fields of microbiology and infectious diseases. Indeed, more than 1,000 bacterial genomes and 3,000 viral genomes, including representatives of all significant human pathogens, have been sequenced to date. Owing to this tremendous amount of data, genomes are regarded as chimeras of sequence fragments from various origins. Coupled with novel proteomic analyses, genome sequencing has also resulted in unprecedented advances in pathogen diagnosis and genotyping and in the detection of virulence and antibiotic resistance. Herein, we review current achievements of genomics and proteomics and discuss potential developments for clinical microbiology laboratories.
基因组序列的出现彻底改变了微生物学和传染病学领域。事实上，迄今为止已经测序了超过 1000 个细菌基因组和 3000 个病毒基因组，包括所有重要的人类病原体的代表。由于这些大量的数据，基因组被认为是来自各种来源的序列片段的嵌合体。结合新型蛋白质组学分析，基因组测序还导致了病原体诊断和基因分型以及毒力和抗生素耐药性检测方面的前所未有的进展。本文综述了基因组学和蛋白质组学的最新成就，并讨论了临床微生物学实验室的潜在发展方向。
