Palmer Mitchell V, Waters W Ray
Infectious Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
Vet Med Int. 2011;2011:816345. doi: 10.4061/2011/816345. Epub 2011 May 17.
The significance of the identification of Mycobacterium bovis as a zoonotic pathogen in 1882 was not initially recognized. After years of research by veterinarians, and other scientists, the importance of M. bovis as a pathogen and the public health ramifications, were appreciated. Veterinarians played pivotal roles in the creation of improved meat and milk inspection, diagnosis of M. bovis infected cattle, and in time, a bovine tuberculosis eradication program that would impact every cattle producer in the country. After overcoming many challenges, the 93-year-long program has decreased disease prevalence from 5% to <0.001%. Today, years of hard work by practitioners, researchers and regulatory officials alike, have yielded a program with a net benefit of almost $160 million per year.
1882年，牛分枝杆菌被鉴定为人畜共患病原体，但其重要性最初并未得到认可。经过兽医和其他科学家多年的研究，牛分枝杆菌作为病原体的重要性以及对公共卫生的影响才得到重视。兽医在改进肉类和牛奶检验、诊断感染牛分枝杆菌的牛以及及时制定一项将影响该国每个养牛户的牛结核病根除计划方面发挥了关键作用。在克服了许多挑战之后，这个长达93年的计划已将疾病患病率从5%降至<0.001%。如今，从业者、研究人员和监管官员多年的辛勤工作产生了一个每年净收益近1.6亿美元的计划。
