French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks (IFSTTAR), Lyon, France.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 Sep;43(5):1771-81. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.04.008. Epub 2011 May 4.
There is accumulating evidence that driver distraction and driver inattention are leading causes of vehicle crashes and incidents. However, as applied psychological constructs, they have been inconsistently defined and the relationship between them remains unclear. In this paper, driver distraction and driver inattention are defined and a taxonomy is presented in which driver distraction is distinguished from other forms of driver inattention. The taxonomy and the definitions provided are intended (a) to provide a common framework for coding different forms of driver inattention as contributing factors in crashes and incidents, so that comparable estimates of their role as contributing factors can be made across different studies, and (b) to make it possible to more accurately interpret and compare, across studies, the research findings for a given form of driver inattention.
越来越多的证据表明，驾驶员分神和注意力不集中是导致车辆碰撞和事故的主要原因。然而，作为应用心理学概念，它们的定义并不一致，它们之间的关系也不清楚。本文对驾驶员分神和注意力不集中进行了定义，并提出了一个分类法，将驾驶员分神与其他形式的注意力不集中区分开来。该分类法和所提供的定义旨在：(a) 为在事故中作为致因的不同形式的驾驶员注意力不集中提供一个共同的编码框架，以便能够在不同的研究中对其作为致因的作用进行可比的估计；(b) 能够更准确地在研究之间解释和比较特定形式的驾驶员注意力不集中的研究结果。
