看电视与 2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病和全因死亡率的关系：一项荟萃分析。
Television viewing and risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis.
机构信息
Institute of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Department of Exercise Epidemiology, Center of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense.
出版信息
JAMA. 2011 Jun 15;305(23):2448-55. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.812.
CONTEXT
Prolonged television (TV) viewing is the most prevalent and pervasive sedentary behavior in industrialized countries and has been associated with morbidity and mortality. However, a systematic and quantitative assessment of published studies is not available.
OBJECTIVE
To perform a meta-analysis of all prospective cohort studies to determine the association between TV viewing and risk of type 2 diabetes, fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality.
DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION
Relevant studies were identified by searches of the MEDLINE database from 1970 to March 2011 and the EMBASE database from 1974 to March 2011 without restrictions and by reviewing reference lists from retrieved articles. Cohort studies that reported relative risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of interest were included.
DATA EXTRACTION
Data were extracted independently by each author and summary estimates of association were obtained using a random-effects model.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Of the 8 studies included, 4 reported results on type 2 diabetes (175,938 individuals; 6428 incident cases during 1.1 million person-years of follow-up), 4 reported on fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular disease (34,253 individuals; 1052 incident cases), and 3 reported on all-cause mortality (26,509 individuals; 1879 deaths during 202,353 person-years of follow-up). The pooled relative risks per 2 hours of TV viewing per day were 1.20 (95% CI, 1.14-1.27) for type 2 diabetes, 1.15 (95% CI, 1.06-1.23) for fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular disease, and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.07-1.18) for all-cause mortality. While the associations between time spent viewing TV and risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease were linear, the risk of all-cause mortality appeared to increase with TV viewing duration of greater than 3 hours per day. The estimated absolute risk differences per every 2 hours of TV viewing per day were 176 cases of type 2 diabetes per 100,000 individuals per year, 38 cases of fatal cardiovascular disease per 100,000 individuals per year, and 104 deaths for all-cause mortality per 100,000 individuals per year.
CONCLUSION
Prolonged TV viewing was associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality.
背景
长时间看电视（TV）是工业化国家最普遍和普遍的久坐行为，与发病率和死亡率有关。然而，目前还没有对已发表的研究进行系统和定量评估。
目的
对所有前瞻性队列研究进行荟萃分析，以确定看电视与 2 型糖尿病、致命或非致命心血管疾病以及全因死亡率风险之间的关联。
数据来源和研究选择
通过搜索 MEDLINE 数据库（1970 年至 2011 年 3 月）和 EMBASE 数据库（1974 年至 2011 年 3 月），无限制地检索相关文章的参考文献列表，确定了相关研究。纳入了报告了感兴趣关联的相对风险估计值（95%置信区间[CI]）的队列研究。
数据提取
每位作者独立提取数据，并使用随机效应模型获得关联的汇总估计值。
数据综合
纳入的 8 项研究中，有 4 项报告了 2 型糖尿病（175938 人；1.1 百万随访人年中有 6428 例发病）的结果，4 项报告了致命或非致命心血管疾病（34253 人；1052 例发病），3 项报告了全因死亡率（26509 人；202353 人年随访中有 1879 人死亡）。每天看电视每增加 2 小时，2 型糖尿病的相对风险比为 1.20（95%CI，1.14-1.27），致命或非致命心血管疾病为 1.15（95%CI，1.06-1.23），全因死亡率为 1.13（95%CI，1.07-1.18）。虽然看电视时间与 2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病风险之间的关联呈线性，但全因死亡率的风险似乎随着每天看电视时间超过 3 小时而增加。每天看电视每增加 2 小时，2 型糖尿病的绝对风险差异为每 10 万人每年增加 176 例，致命心血管疾病为每 10 万人每年增加 38 例，全因死亡率为每 10 万人每年增加 104 例。
结论
长时间看电视与 2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病和全因死亡率风险增加有关。
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