Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Aug;94(2):543-51. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.013193. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
Long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids, found mainly in fish, have been postulated to reduce type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. However, the role of long-chain n-3 fatty acids and fish intake in the development of T2D remains unresolved.
We examined associations between fish, shellfish, and long-chain n-3 fatty acids and the risk of T2D in a middle-aged Chinese population.
This was a prospective population-based cohort study in 51,963 men and 64,193 women free of T2D, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at baseline with valid dietary information. Dietary intake, physical activity, and anthropometric measurements were collected. A Cox regression model was used to evaluate the association of fish, shellfish, and long-chain n-3 fatty acid (in g/d) with risk of T2D.
Fish, shellfish, and long-chain n-3 fatty acid intakes were inversely associated with T2D in women. The relative risks [RRs (95% CI)] for quintiles of fish intake were 1.00, 0.96 (0.86, 1.06), 0.84 (0.75, 0.94), 0.80 (0.71, 0.90), and 0.89 (0.78, 1.01) (P for trend = 0.003) and for shellfish were 1.00, 0.91 (0.82, 1.01), 0.79 (0.71, 0.89), 0.80 (0.71, 0.91), and 0.86 (0.76, 0.99) (P for trend = 0.006). In men, only the association between shellfish intake and T2D was significant. The RRs (95% CI) for quintiles of fish intake were 1.00, 0.92 (0.75, 1.13), 0.80 (0.65, 1.00), 0.89 (0.72, 1.11), and 0.94 (0.74, 1.17) (P for trend = 0.50) and for shellfish intake were 1.00, 0.93 (0.76, 1.12), 0.70 (0.56, 086), 0.66 (0.53, 0.82), and 0.82 (0.65, 1.02) (P for trend = 0.003).
An inverse association between fish and shellfish intake and T2D in women was found. No evidence of a detrimental effect of fish intake in this population was observed.
长链多不饱和 n-3（ω-3）脂肪酸主要存在于鱼类中，据推测可降低 2 型糖尿病（T2D）的风险。然而，长链 n-3 脂肪酸和鱼类摄入在 T2D 发展中的作用仍未解决。
我们在一个中年中国人群中研究了鱼类、贝类和长链 n-3 脂肪酸与 T2D 风险之间的关联。
这是一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究，共纳入了 51963 名男性和 64193 名女性，他们在基线时没有 T2D、心血管疾病和癌症，且饮食信息有效。收集了饮食摄入、身体活动和人体测量数据。使用 Cox 回归模型评估了鱼类、贝类和长链 n-3 脂肪酸（g/d）与 T2D 风险的关系。
在女性中，鱼类、贝类和长链 n-3 脂肪酸的摄入量与 T2D 呈负相关。鱼类摄入量五分位数的相对风险（RRs（95%CI））分别为 1.00、0.96（0.86，1.06）、0.84（0.75，0.94）、0.80（0.71，0.90）和 0.89（0.78，1.01）（趋势 P=0.003），贝类摄入量五分位数的 RRs（95%CI）分别为 1.00、0.91（0.82，1.01）、0.79（0.71，0.89）、0.80（0.71，0.91）和 0.86（0.76，0.99）（趋势 P=0.006）。在男性中，只有贝类摄入量与 T2D 之间存在显著关联。鱼类摄入量五分位数的 RRs（95%CI）分别为 1.00、0.92（0.75，1.13）、0.80（0.65，1.00）、0.89（0.72，1.11）和 0.94（0.74，1.17）（趋势 P=0.50），贝类摄入量五分位数的 RRs（95%CI）分别为 1.00、0.93（0.76，1.12）、0.70（0.56，0.86）、0.66（0.53，0.82）和 0.82（0.65，1.02）（趋势 P=0.003）。
在女性中发现鱼类和贝类摄入量与 T2D 呈负相关。在该人群中没有观察到鱼类摄入的有害影响的证据。
