Environmental Public Health Division, First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, Indigenous Services Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2021 Jun;112(Suppl 1):168-182. doi: 10.17269/s41997-021-00484-w. Epub 2021 Jun 28.
We previously examined the associations between dietary dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) intake from fish consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence in Ontario and Manitoba. This study aims to further explore the relationship in a regionally representative sample of First Nations adults living on-reserve across Canada.
Dietary, health and lifestyle data collected by the cross-sectional First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study (2008-2018) were analyzed. This participatory study included 6091 First Nations adult participants who answered questions on T2D. The consumption of locally caught fish was estimated with a food frequency questionnaire. A total of 551 samples from 96 fish species were collected and analyzed for the presence of DDE and PCBs. The associations between fish and dietary DDE/PCBs intake with self-reported T2D were investigated using multiple logistic regression models adjusted for confounders.
Dietary exposure to DDE (>2.11 ng/kg/bw) and PCBs (>1.47 ng/kg/bw) vs no exposure was positively associated with T2D with ORs of 2.33 (95% CI: 1.24-4.35) for DDE and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.01-3.59) for PCBs. The associations were stronger among females (DDE OR = 3.11 (1.41-6.88); PCBs OR = 1.76 (1.10-3.65)) and older individuals (DDE OR = 2.64 (1.12-6.20); PCBs OR = 1.44 (1.01-3.91)) as compared with males and younger participants. Also, significant dose-response relationships were found for fish consumption in females only.
This study confirms our previous findings that dietary DDE/PCBs exposure may increase the risk of T2D. The effect of DDE/PCBs from fish consumption is driven by geographical differences in DDE/PCBs concentrations in fish and by the amount of fish consumed, and is more prominent in females than in males.
我们之前研究了安大略省和马尼托巴省人群中，因食用鱼类而摄入的二氯二苯二氯乙烯（DDE）和多氯联苯（PCBs）与 2 型糖尿病（T2D）患病率之间的关联。本研究旨在进一步探索加拿大原住民保留地的代表性区域样本中这种关联。
我们对 2008 年至 2018 年进行的跨地区原住民食物、营养和环境研究（First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study）中的饮食、健康和生活方式数据进行了分析。该参与性研究包括 6091 名回答 T2D 相关问题的原住民成年参与者。通过食物频率问卷估计当地捕获鱼类的摄入量。采集了 96 种鱼类的 551 个样本，以检测 DDE 和 PCBs 的存在。使用调整混杂因素的多因素逻辑回归模型，调查了鱼类和饮食中 DDE/PCBs 摄入量与自我报告 T2D 之间的关联。
与未暴露人群相比，DDE（>2.11ng/kg/bw）和 PCBs（>1.47ng/kg/bw）的膳食接触与 T2D 呈正相关，DDE 的比值比（OR）为 2.33（95%置信区间（CI）：1.24-4.35），PCBs 的 OR 为 1.43（95%CI：1.01-3.59）。与男性和年轻参与者相比，女性（DDE OR=3.11（1.41-6.88）；PCBs OR=1.76（1.10-3.65））和老年个体（DDE OR=2.64（1.12-6.20）；PCBs OR=1.44（1.01-3.91））的关联更强。仅在女性中，还发现了鱼类摄入量与 DDE/PCBs 暴露之间的显著剂量反应关系。
本研究证实了我们之前的研究结果，即饮食中 DDE/PCBs 的暴露可能会增加 T2D 的患病风险。鱼类消费中 DDE/PCBs 的影响受鱼类中 DDE/PCBs 浓度的地域差异和鱼类摄入量的驱动，在女性中比在男性中更为明显。
