Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2011 Aug;22(8):1933-45. doi: 10.1007/s10856-011-4375-7. Epub 2011 Jun 18.
There is an increased use of nanophase titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) in bone implants and scaffolds. However, nano-debris is generated at the bone-biomaterial interface. Therefore, TiO(2) nanoparticles (NPs) of many sizes were investigated for cytotoxic effects on murine MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. These TiO(2) NPs induced a time- and dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. There was a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane permeability following short-term exposure of the cells to TiO(2) NPs. These NPs also increased granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) gene expression. Compared with the 32 nm TiO(2) NPs, 5 nm TiO(2) NPs were more toxic, induced more apoptosis, increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and stimulated more GM-CSF expression at a high concentration (≥100 μg/ml). The results implied that the differential toxicity was associated with variations in size, so more attention should be given to the toxicity of small NPs for the design of future materials for implantation.
在骨植入物和支架中越来越多地使用纳米级二氧化钛 (TiO(2))。然而，在骨-生物材料界面会产生纳米级碎片。因此，研究了多种尺寸的 TiO(2)纳米颗粒 (NPs) 对鼠 MC3T3-E1 前成骨细胞的细胞毒性作用。这些 TiO(2) NPs 导致细胞活力随时间和剂量依赖性下降。细胞短期暴露于 TiO(2) NPs 后，乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH) 释放、细胞凋亡和线粒体膜通透性显著增加。这些 NPs 还增加了粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 (GM-CSF) 和粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G-CSF) 的基因表达。与 32nm TiO(2) NPs 相比，5nm TiO(2) NPs 毒性更大，在高浓度（≥100μg/ml）时诱导更多的细胞凋亡、增加线粒体膜通透性和刺激更多的 GM-CSF 表达。结果表明，这种差异毒性与尺寸变化有关，因此在设计未来的植入材料时，应更加关注小 NPs 的毒性。
