Laboratoire des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie à la Technopole de Borj-Cédria (CBBC), Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Aug 30;91(11):2100-7. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4513. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds of two geographic origins, Tunisia (TCS) and India (ICS), were studied regarding their fatty acid and essential oil composition.
Oil yields were 17.77 and 15.40% for TCS and ICS respectively. Petroselinic acid (C18:1n-12) was the major fatty acid in both varieties, with a higher proportion being found in TCS (55.90% of total fatty acids (TFA)) than in ICS (41.42% TFA). Moreover, the most predominant fatty acids were palmitic, petroselenic and linoleic acids, accounting for more than 91% TFA in both varieties. The unsaturated fatty acid content was high: 70.95% TFA in TCS and 62.17% TFA in ICS. Essential oil yields differed significantly (P < 0.05) between the two varieties: 1.21 and 1.62% for ICS and TCS respectively. A total of 40 compounds were identified, 34 of which were present in both essential oils. The two varieties displayed different chemotypes: γ-terpinene/1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol for TCS and cuminaldheyde/γ-terpinene for ICS.
The study revealed that the biochemical composition of cumin seeds is origin-dependent and that cumin seeds are rich in an unusual fatty acid, petroselinic acid. Besides, cumin essential oil is a rich source of many compounds, including cuminaldehyde and γ-terpinene. The overall results suggest the exploitation of cumin seeds as a low-cost renewable source for industrial processing in the fields of cosmetics, perfumes and pharmaceuticals.
研究了来自两个地理起源地的孜然（Cuminum cyminum L.）种子，突尼斯（TCS）和印度（ICS），研究了它们的脂肪酸和精油成分。
TCS 和 ICS 的油产量分别为 17.77%和 15.40%。两种品种的主要脂肪酸均为亚油酸（C18:1n-12），TCS 中亚油酸的比例（总脂肪酸（TFA）的 55.90%）高于 ICS（TFA 的 41.42%）。此外，最主要的脂肪酸是棕榈酸、亚油酸和亚油酸，两种品种的 TFA 均超过 91%。不饱和脂肪酸含量高：TCS 的 TFA 为 70.95%，ICS 的 TFA 为 62.17%。两种品种的精油产量差异显著（P<0.05）：ICS 为 1.21%，TCS 为 1.62%。共鉴定出 40 种化合物，其中 34 种存在于两种精油中。两种品种表现出不同的化学型：TCS 为γ-萜品烯/1-苯基-1,2-乙二醇，ICS 为肉桂醛/γ-萜品烯。
研究表明，孜然种子的生化成分取决于其来源，并且孜然种子富含一种不常见的脂肪酸，亚油酸。此外，孜然精油是许多化合物的丰富来源，包括肉桂醛和γ-萜品烯。总体结果表明，孜然种子可作为一种低成本可再生资源，用于化妆品、香水和制药等领域的工业加工。
