Department of Biomedicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2013 Apr;15(2):188-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2011.00341.x. Epub 2011 Apr 19.
The objective of the present investigation was to longitudinally monitor stability changes of implants inserted using traditional rotary instruments or piezoelectric inserts, and to follow their variations during the first 90 days of healing.
A randomized, controlled trial was conducted on 20 patients. Each patient received two identical, adjacent implants in the upper premolar area: the test site was prepared with piezosurgery, and the control site was prepared using twist drills. Resonance frequency analysis measurements were taken by a blinded operator on the day of surgery and after 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, and 90 days.
At 90 days, 39 out of 40 implants were osseointegrated (one failure in the control group). Both groups showed an initial decrease in mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) values: a shift in implant stability to increasing ISQ values occurred after 14 days in the test group and after 21 days in the control group. The lowest mean ISQ value was recorded at 14 days for test implants (97.3% of the primary stability) and at 21 days for the control implants (90.8% of the primary stability). ISQ variations with respect to primary stability differed significantly between the two groups during the entire period of observation: from day 14 to day 42, in particular, the differences were extremely significant (p < .0001). All 39 implants were in function successfully at the visit scheduled 1 year after insertion.
The findings from this study suggest that ultrasonic implant site preparation results in a limited decrease of ISQ values and in an earlier shifting from a decreasing to an increasing stability pattern, when compared with the traditional drilling technique. From a clinical point of view, implants inserted with the piezoelectric technique demonstrated a short-term clinical success similar to those inserted using twist drills.
本研究的目的是纵向监测使用传统旋转器械或压电植入物植入的种植体的稳定性变化，并在愈合的头 90 天内跟踪其变化。
对 20 名患者进行了一项随机对照试验。每位患者在上前磨牙区接受两个相同的相邻种植体：试验部位采用超声骨刀制备，对照部位采用扭转钻头制备。由一名盲法操作员在手术当天以及术后 7、14、21、28、42、56 和 90 天进行共振频率分析测量。
90 天时，40 个种植体中有 39 个实现了骨整合（对照组有 1 个失败）。两组种植体的平均种植体稳定性指数（ISQ）值均呈初始下降趋势：试验组在第 14 天，对照组在第 21 天，种植体稳定性向增加的 ISQ 值转变。试验组种植体的最低平均 ISQ 值记录在第 14 天（初始稳定性的 97.3%），对照组种植体的最低平均 ISQ 值记录在第 21 天（初始稳定性的 90.8%）。在整个观察期间，两组种植体相对于初始稳定性的 ISQ 变化差异具有统计学意义：特别是从第 14 天到第 42 天，差异极其显著（p<0.0001）。所有 39 个种植体在插入后 1 年的随访时均成功使用。
与传统钻孔技术相比，超声种植体预备导致 ISQ 值的有限降低，并更早地从降低的稳定性模式转变为增加的稳定性模式。从临床角度来看，使用压电技术插入的种植体与使用扭转钻头插入的种植体具有相似的短期临床成功率。
