Canullo Luigi, Peñarrocha David, Peñarrocha Miguel, Rocio Alonso-Gonzalez, Penarrocha-Diago Maria
Private Practice, Rome, Italy.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014 Dec;25(12):1336-43. doi: 10.1111/clr.12278. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
To compare implant stability throughout osseointegration, peri-implant marginal bone loss, and success rates of implants placed with conventional and mixed drilling/piezoelectric osteotomy.
A pilot randomized-controlled trial was performed on 15 patients. Each patient received two implants in the mandibular molar region. All sites were prepared with conventionally up to the 2.8 mm wide drill. Osteotomies were randomly finalized with a 3 mm diameter drill (control group) or with two consecutive ultrasonic tips (2.8 mm and 3 mm wide, respectively) (test group). Resonance frequency analysis measurements were taken at implant placement and after 1, 3, 8, and 12 weeks. Peri-implant marginal bone loss 12 months after loading was calculated using periapical radiographs. Wilcoxon test for related samples was used to study differences in implant stability and in peri-implant marginal bone loss between the two groups.
Twenty-nine of 30 implants osseointegrated successfully (one failure in the control group). Stability was significantly higher in the test group at the 8th week assessment; differences were non-significant at all other time-points. Longitudinally, differences were observed between the patterns of implant stability changes: in the test group stability increased more progressively, while in the control group an abrupt change occurred between the 8th and 12th weeks assessments. No difference was found in peri-implant marginal bone loss between the groups. All 29 implants were functionally successful at the 15-month visit.
Within the limit of this pilot study (small sample size, short follow-up), data suggested that implant stability might develop slightly faster when implant site osteotomy is performed with a mixed drilling/ultrasonic technique.
比较在骨结合过程中种植体的稳定性、种植体周围边缘骨丢失情况，以及采用传统钻孔和混合钻孔/压电截骨术植入种植体的成功率。
对15例患者进行了一项初步随机对照试验。每位患者在下颌磨牙区植入两颗种植体。所有种植位点均先用传统方法钻至2.8mm宽。截骨术随机采用3mm直径钻头完成（对照组）或采用两个连续的超声刀头（分别为2.8mm和3mm宽）完成（试验组）。在种植体植入时以及植入后1、3、8和12周进行共振频率分析测量。使用根尖片计算负重12个月后种植体周围边缘骨丢失情况。采用相关样本的Wilcoxon检验研究两组之间种植体稳定性和种植体周围边缘骨丢失的差异。
30颗种植体中有29颗成功实现骨结合（对照组有1颗失败）。在第8周评估时，试验组的稳定性显著更高；在所有其他时间点差异均无统计学意义。纵向观察，两组种植体稳定性变化模式存在差异：试验组稳定性增加更为渐进，而对照组在第8周和第12周评估之间出现突然变化。两组之间种植体周围边缘骨丢失无差异。在15个月随访时，所有29颗种植体功能均成功。
在本初步研究的局限性内（样本量小、随访时间短），数据表明，当采用混合钻孔/超声技术进行种植位点截骨时，种植体稳定性可能发展得稍快一些。
