National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, 111 Jungbalsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea.
BMC Cancer. 2011 Jun 17;11:257. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-257.
Cancer screening rates in Korea for five cancer types have increased steadily since 2002. With regard to the life-time cancer screening rates in 2009 according to cancer sites, the second highest was breast cancer (78.1%) and the third highest was cervical cancer (76.1%). Despite overall increases in the screening rate, disparities in breast and cervical cancer screening, based on sociodemographic characteristics, still exist.
Data from 4,139 women aged 40 to 74 years from the 2005 to 2009 Korea National Cancer Screening Survey were used to analyze the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and receiving mammograms and Pap smears. The main outcome measures were ever having had a mammogram and ever having had a Pap smear. Using these items of information, we classified women into those who had had both types of screening, only one screening type, and neither screening type. We used logistic regression to investigate relationships between screening history and sociodemographic characteristics of the women.
Being married, having a higher education, a rural residence, and private health insurance were significantly associated with higher rates of breast and cervical cancer screening after adjusting for age and sociodemographic factors. Household income was not significantly associated with mammograms or Pap smears after adjusting for age and sociodemographic factors.
Disparities in breast and cervical cancer screening associated with low sociodemographic status persist in Korea.
自 2002 年以来，韩国五种癌症的筛查率稳步上升。根据 2009 年按癌症部位划分的终生癌症筛查率，乳腺癌（78.1%）排名第二，宫颈癌（76.1%）排名第三。尽管筛查率总体上有所提高，但基于社会人口特征的乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查仍存在差异。
利用 2005 年至 2009 年韩国全国癌症筛查调查中 4139 名 40 至 74 岁女性的数据，分析社会人口特征与接受乳房 X 光检查和巴氏涂片检查之间的关系。主要结局指标为曾接受过乳房 X 光检查和巴氏涂片检查。使用这些信息项目，我们将女性分为同时接受过两种筛查、仅接受过一种筛查和两种筛查都未接受过的三种类型。我们使用逻辑回归来调查筛查史与女性社会人口特征之间的关系。
在调整年龄和社会人口因素后，已婚、受过高等教育、农村居住和私人医疗保险与较高的乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查率显著相关。在调整年龄和社会人口因素后，家庭收入与乳房 X 光检查或巴氏涂片检查无显著相关性。
在韩国，与社会经济地位较低相关的乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查差异仍然存在。
