Ramirez I, Friedman M I
Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3308.
Physiol Behav. 1990 Jun;47(6):1157-63. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(90)90367-d.
Dietary energy, fat and carbohydrate content were varied to determine the nutritional factors responsible for hyperphagia induced by feeding rats high-fat diets. In the first experiment, rats were fed isoenergetic high-fat or high-carbohydrate diets for 2 weeks. Weight gain and energy intake were lower in rats given the high-fat diet. When some of the rats were switched to a diet that was high in fat, carbohydrate and energy, gram food intake was initially unchanged, resulting in a substantial increase in energy intake and weight gain. Energy intake gradually declined over the 4 weeks following the switch to the high-energy diet. In the second experiment, rats were fed high-fat diets that were either high or low in carbohydrate content and either high or low in energy content (kcal/g). Rats fed a high-fat diet that was high in energy and carbohydrate ate the most energy and gained the most body weight and carcass fat. In the third experiment, rats were fed high-carbohydrate diets varying in fat and cellulose content. Energy intake and body weight gain varied directly as a function of caloric density regardless of the fat or cellulose content of the diets. It is concluded that hyperphagia induced by feeding high-fat diets is not due to the high dietary fat content alone. Rather, high levels of fat, carbohydrate, and energy interact to produce overeating and obesity in rats fed high-fat diets.
改变饮食中的能量、脂肪和碳水化合物含量，以确定导致喂食高脂饮食的大鼠出现食欲亢进的营养因素。在第一个实验中，给大鼠喂食等能量的高脂或高碳水化合物饮食，持续2周。喂食高脂饮食的大鼠体重增加和能量摄入较低。当一些大鼠转而食用高脂肪、高碳水化合物和高能量的饮食时，最初每克食物摄入量不变，导致能量摄入和体重增加大幅上升。在转而食用高能量饮食后的4周内，能量摄入逐渐下降。在第二个实验中，给大鼠喂食碳水化合物含量高或低、能量含量（千卡/克）高或低的高脂饮食。喂食高能量和高碳水化合物高脂饮食的大鼠摄入的能量最多，体重和体脂增加最多。在第三个实验中，给大鼠喂食脂肪和纤维素含量不同的高碳水化合物饮食。无论饮食中的脂肪或纤维素含量如何，能量摄入和体重增加都直接随热量密度而变化。得出的结论是，喂食高脂饮食引起的食欲亢进并非仅由饮食中高脂肪含量所致。相反，高脂肪、高碳水化合物和高能量水平相互作用，导致喂食高脂饮食的大鼠出现暴饮暴食和肥胖。
