Lam Joseph S, Taylor Véronique L, Islam Salim T, Hao Youai, Kocíncová Dana
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph Guelph, ON, Canada.
Front Microbiol. 2011 Jun 1;2:118. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00118. eCollection 2011.
Lipopolysccharide (LPS) is an integral component of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cell envelope, occupying the outer leaflet of the outer membrane in this Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen. It is important for bacterium-host interactions and has been shown to be a major virulence factor for this organism. Structurally, P. aeruginosa LPS is composed of three domains, namely, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and the distal O antigen (O-Ag). Most P. aeruginosa strains produce two distinct forms of O-Ag, one a homopolymer of D-rhamnose that is a common polysaccharide antigen (CPA, formerly termed A band), and the other a heteropolymer of three to five distinct (and often unique dideoxy) sugars in its repeat units, known as O-specific antigen (OSA, formerly termed B band). Compositional differences in the O units among the OSA from different strains form the basis of the International Antigenic Typing Scheme for classification via serotyping of different strains of P. aeruginosa. The focus of this review is to provide state-of-the-art knowledge on the genetic and resultant functional diversity of LPS produced by P. aeruginosa. The underlying factors contributing to this diversity will be thoroughly discussed and presented in the context of its contributions to host-pathogen interactions and the control/prevention of infection.
脂多糖（LPS）是铜绿假单胞菌细胞壁的一个组成部分，在这种革兰氏阴性机会致病菌中占据外膜的外层小叶。它对于细菌与宿主的相互作用很重要，并且已被证明是该生物体的主要毒力因子。在结构上，铜绿假单胞菌LPS由三个结构域组成，即脂质A、核心寡糖和远端O抗原（O-Ag）。大多数铜绿假单胞菌菌株产生两种不同形式的O-Ag，一种是D-鼠李糖的同聚物，是一种常见的多糖抗原（CPA，以前称为A带），另一种是其重复单元中由三到五种不同（且通常是独特的双脱氧）糖组成的杂聚物，称为O特异性抗原（OSA，以前称为B带）。不同菌株的OSA中O单元的组成差异构成了通过对铜绿假单胞菌不同菌株进行血清分型来分类的国际抗原分型方案的基础。本综述的重点是提供关于铜绿假单胞菌产生的LPS的遗传和由此产生的功能多样性的最新知识。将在其对宿主-病原体相互作用以及感染控制/预防的贡献的背景下，深入讨论并介绍导致这种多样性的潜在因素。
