Bilsel P A, Nichol S T
Cell and Molecular Biology Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno 89557.
J Virol. 1990 Oct;64(10):4873-83. doi: 10.1128/JVI.64.10.4873-4883.1990.
We report the entire glycoprotein (G) gene nucleotide sequences of 26 vesicular stomatitis virus Indiana serotype (VSV IND) type 1 isolates from North and Central America. These sequences are also compared with partial G gene sequences of VSV IND type 2 (Cocal) and type 3 (Alagoas) viruses and the complete G gene sequences of the more distantly related VSV New Jersey (NJ) and Chandipura viruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the G gene sequences by maximum parsimony revealed four major lineages or subtypes within the classical VSV IND (type 1) viruses, each with a distinct geographic distribution. A high degree of VSV genetic diversity was found in Central America, with several virus subtypes of both VSV IND and NJ serotypes existing in this mainly enzootic disease region. Nineteen percent sequence variation but no deletions or insertions were evident within the 5' noncoding and the coding regions of the VSV IND type 1 G genes. In addition to numerous base substitutions, the 3' noncoding regions of these viruses also contained numerous base insertions and deletions. This resulted in striking variation in G gene sizes, with gene lengths ranging from 1,652 to 1,868 nucleotides. As the VSV IND type 1 subtypes have diverged from the common ancestor with the NJ subtypes, their G mRNAs have accumulated more 3' noncoding sequence inserts, ranging up to 303 nucleotides in length. These primarily consist of an imprecise reiteration of the sequence UUUUUAA, apparently generated by a unique polymerase stuttering error. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence differences among VSV IND type 1 viruses revealed numerous substitutions within defined antigenic epitopes, suggesting that immune selection may play a role in the evolution of these viruses.
我们报告了从北美洲和中美洲分离出的26株水疱性口炎病毒印第安纳血清型1型（VSV IND）毒株的完整糖蛋白（G）基因核苷酸序列。这些序列还与VSV IND 2型（科卡尔）和3型（阿拉戈斯）病毒的部分G基因序列以及亲缘关系更远的VSV新泽西（NJ）和钱迪普拉病毒的完整G基因序列进行了比较。通过最大简约法对G基因序列进行系统发育分析，结果显示经典VSV IND（1型）病毒内存在四个主要谱系或亚型，每个谱系都有独特的地理分布。在中美洲发现了高度的VSV遗传多样性，在这个主要为动物流行病的地区同时存在VSV IND和NJ血清型的几种病毒亚型。VSV IND 1型G基因的5'非编码区和编码区内有19%的序列变异，但没有明显的缺失或插入。除了大量的碱基替换外，这些病毒的3'非编码区还包含大量的碱基插入和缺失。这导致了G基因大小的显著差异，基因长度从1652到1868个核苷酸不等。由于VSV IND 1型亚型与NJ亚型已从共同祖先分化出来，它们的G mRNA积累了更多的3'非编码序列插入，长度可达303个核苷酸。这些插入主要由序列UUUUUAA的不精确重复组成，显然是由一种独特的聚合酶滑动错误产生的。对VSV IND 1型病毒推导的氨基酸序列差异分析显示，在确定的抗原表位内有大量替换，这表明免疫选择可能在这些病毒的进化中起作用。
