The University of Tennessee-Knoxville, College of Nursing, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2011;32(6):359-66. doi: 10.3109/01612840.2011.575533.
Stigma has grave consequences for persons living with HIV/AIDS. Stigma hampers prevention of HIV transmission to sexual partners and to unborn babies, diagnosis, and early treatment, and negatively affects mental and physical health, quality of life, and life satisfaction. Internalized stigma of HIV/AIDS may have even more severe consequences than perceived or enacted stigma. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to measure internalized stigma in those with HIV/AIDS. Data were drawn from the Rural Women's Health Project. Research assistants administered structured interviews at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Instruments used in these analyses included a demographic data form, the Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Perceived Stigma Scale (PSS), and the Internalized Stigma of AIDS Tool (ISAT). Exploratory factor analysis confirmed that the ten items of the ISAT measure a single factor that explains 88% of the variance in the construct. Internal consistency was demonstrated by a Cronbach's alpha of .91 (Time 1), .92 (Time 2), and .92 (Time 3). Convergent validity was supported with significant positive correlations with the CES-D (rho = 0.33, p < 0.0001) and the PSS (rho = 0.56, < 0.0001). The Internalized Stigma of AIDS Tool appears to be a reliable and valid instrument to measure internalization of the stigma of HIV/AIDS. It may be of value in research and clinical assessment.
艾滋病病毒/艾滋病感染者承受着污名带来的严重后果。污名阻碍了艾滋病毒向性伴侣和未出生婴儿的传播预防、诊断和早期治疗，对心理健康和身体健康、生活质量和生活满意度产生负面影响。艾滋病病毒/艾滋病感染者内化的污名可能比感知到的或实施的污名带来更严重的后果。本研究旨在开发一种衡量艾滋病病毒/艾滋病感染者内化污名的工具。数据来自农村妇女健康项目。研究助理在基线、3 个月和 6 个月时进行了结构访谈。这些分析中使用的工具包括人口统计数据表格、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）、感知污名量表（PSS）和艾滋病内化污名工具（ISAT）。探索性因素分析证实，ISAT 的十个项目衡量了一个单一因素，该因素解释了该结构 88%的方差。内部一致性通过 Cronbach's alpha 测试得到证明，分别为.91（第 1 次测量）、.92（第 2 次测量）和.92（第 3 次测量）。与 CES-D（rho = 0.33，p < 0.0001）和 PSS（rho = 0.56，< 0.0001）的显著正相关支持了收敛效度。艾滋病内化污名工具似乎是一种可靠和有效的衡量艾滋病病毒/艾滋病污名内化的工具。它在研究和临床评估中可能具有价值。
