Regione Toscana Health Agency, Florence, Italy.
Subst Use Misuse. 2011;46(10):1288-303. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2011.572942. Epub 2011 Jun 21.
Beginning with France in the 1950s, alcohol consumption has decreased in Southern European countries with few or no preventive alcohol policy measures being implemented, while alcohol consumption has been increasing in Northern European countries where historically more restrictive alcohol control policies were in place, even though more recently they were loosened. At the same time, Central and Eastern Europe have shown an intermediate behavior. We propose that country-specific changes in alcohol consumption between 1960 and 2008 are explained by a combination of a number of factors: (1) preventive alcohol policies and (2) social, cultural, economic, and demographic determinants. This article describes the methodology of a research study designed to understand the complex interactions that have occurred throughout Europe over the past five decades. These include changes in alcohol consumption, drinking patterns and alcohol-related harm, and the actual determinants of such changes.
从 20 世纪 50 年代的法国开始，在实施了很少或没有预防酒精政策措施的南欧国家，酒精消费有所减少，而在北欧国家，酒精消费却在增加，这些国家历来实行更严格的酒精控制政策，尽管最近有所放宽。与此同时，中欧和东欧表现出了中间行为。我们提出，1960 年至 2008 年间各国酒精消费的变化可以用一系列因素来解释：（1）预防酒精政策和（2）社会、文化、经济和人口决定因素。本文介绍了一项研究的方法，该研究旨在了解过去五十年间在整个欧洲发生的复杂相互作用。这些相互作用包括酒精消费、饮酒模式和与酒精相关的伤害的变化，以及这些变化的实际决定因素。
