Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2011 Jun 21;11:488. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-488.
Road traffic injuries are a serious public health problem worldwide. The incidence rate of fatal road traffic injuries is 26.4 per 100000 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Road traffic injuries are a major public health problem in Iran. Different routine sources are available for road traffic injuries in Iran, but they present several limitations.This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of road traffic injuries in greater Tehran, using a population-based approach which is less prone to under-estimation compared to service-based data.
In the year 2008, 2488 households were randomly selected for a face to face interview. Trained interviewers referred to the selected households to collect the subjects' demographic information, as well as their motor vehicle utilization and traffic injuries during the year prior to data collection. All interviews were recorded using a digital voice recorder and reviewed by a quality control team the day after the interview. The Student's t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze continuous variables. Chi-square test -including a test for trend for ordinal data- was used to analyze categorical variables. Ninety-five percent confidence interval was calculated for point estimates of incidences using Poisson or binomial distribution assumptions accordingly.
There were 119 traffic injury cases including 3 deaths (33 per 100 000) in the survey sample (n = 9100). The annual incidence of all traffic injuries for 1000 population was 13.1 (95% CI: 10.8 - 15.6), and that of fatal traffic injuries was 33.0 per 100 000 population (95% CI: 6.80 - 96.32). The annual incidence of collision traffic injury for 1000 motorcycles was 95.
This population-based study demonstrates that the morbidity rate of RTIs is about ten times higher than the national figures reported by other available sources; and this can serve as an important warning to countries like Iran to prioritize this issue in their public health activities. To ensure more safety on our roads, we need to establish an injury surveillance system, and a more accurate national data capture system on RTIs.
道路交通伤害是全球范围内一个严重的公共卫生问题。在地中海东部区域，致命道路交通伤害的发生率为每 10 万人 26.4 例。道路交通伤害也是伊朗的一个主要公共卫生问题。伊朗有不同的常规道路交通伤害来源，但它们存在一些局限性。本研究旨在采用基于人群的方法来确定大德黑兰的道路交通伤害流行病学情况，这种方法比基于服务的数据源更不容易出现低估。
在 2008 年，随机选择了 2488 户家庭进行面对面访谈。经过培训的访谈人员前往选定的家庭收集受访者的人口统计学信息，以及他们在数据收集前一年的机动车辆使用情况和道路交通伤害情况。所有访谈均使用数字语音记录器进行记录，并在访谈后的第二天由质量控制小组进行审查。使用 Student's t 检验和 ANOVA 分析连续变量。使用卡方检验（包括有序数据的趋势检验）分析分类变量。使用泊松或二项式分布假设计算发病率点估计的 95%置信区间。
在调查样本（n = 9100）中，有 119 例道路交通伤害病例，包括 3 例死亡（每 100000 人 33 例）。每千人的所有道路交通伤害年发生率为 13.1（95%CI：10.8-15.6），致命道路交通伤害的年发生率为每 100000 人 330.0（95%CI：6.80-96.32）。每 1000 辆摩托车的碰撞性道路交通伤害年发生率为 95.0。
这项基于人群的研究表明，RTI 的发病率是其他可用来源报告的全国数字的约十倍高；这对伊朗等国家来说是一个重要的警告，需要在其公共卫生活动中优先考虑这一问题。为了确保我们道路上的更多安全，我们需要建立一个伤害监测系统，并建立一个更准确的全国道路交通伤害数据采集系统。
