Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2011 Aug;34(8):430-42. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2011.05.005. Epub 2011 Jun 21.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disease. At the time of clinical manifestation of dementia, significant irreversible brain damage is already present, rendering the diagnosis of AD at early stages of the disease an urgent prerequisite for therapeutic treatment to halt, or at least slow, disease progression. In this review, we discuss various neuroimaging measures that are proving to have potential value as biomarkers of AD pathology for the detection and prediction of AD before the onset of dementia. Recent studies that have identified AD-like structural and functional brain changes in elderly people who are cognitively within the normal range or who have mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are discussed. A dynamic sequence model of changes that occur in neuroimaging markers during the different disease stages is presented and the predictive value of multimodal neuroimaging for AD dementia is considered.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种进行性的与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病。在痴呆出现临床症状时，已经存在显著的不可逆转的脑损伤，因此在疾病早期诊断 AD 是进行治疗以阻止或至少减缓疾病进展的迫切前提。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了各种神经影像学测量方法，这些方法已被证明具有作为 AD 病理学生物标志物的潜力，可用于在痴呆发生之前检测和预测 AD。我们还讨论了最近的研究，这些研究在认知正常或有轻度认知障碍（MCI）的老年人中发现了类似 AD 的结构和功能脑变化。提出了一个神经影像学标志物在不同疾病阶段变化的动态序列模型，并考虑了多模态神经影像学对 AD 痴呆的预测价值。
