Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.
Nutr J. 2011 Jun 24;10:71. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-71.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: To investigate the association between the risk of overweight and the consumption of food groups in children and adolescents.
We studied 1764 healthy children and adolescents (age 6-19y) attending 16 Seventh-Day Adventist schools and 13 public schools using a 106-item non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire from the late 1980 Child-Adolescent Blood Pressure Study. Logistic regression models were used to compute the risk of overweight according to consumption of grains, nuts, vegetables, fruits, meats/fish/eggs, dairy, and, low nutrient-dense foods (LNDF).
The frequency of consumption of grains, nuts, vegetables and LNDF were inversely related to the risk of being overweight and dairy increased the risk. Specifically, the odds ratio (95% CI) for children in the highest quartile or tertile of consumption compared with the lowest quartile or tertile were as follows: grains 0.59(0.41-0.83); nuts 0.60(0.43-0.85); vegetables 0.67(0.48-0.94); LNDF 0.43(0.29-0.63); and, dairy 1.36(0.97, 1.92).
The regular intake of specific plant foods may prevent overweight among children and adolescents.
背景/目的：研究儿童和青少年超重风险与食物组消费之间的关系。
我们使用 1980 年代后期儿童青少年血压研究的 106 项非定量食物频率问卷，研究了 1764 名健康的儿童和青少年（6-19 岁），他们分别来自 16 所基督复临安息日会学校和 13 所公立学校。我们使用逻辑回归模型，根据谷物、坚果、蔬菜、水果、肉类/鱼类/蛋类、乳制品和低营养密集型食物（LNDF）的摄入量来计算超重的风险。
谷物、坚果、蔬菜和 LNDF 的消费频率与超重风险呈负相关，而乳制品则增加了超重的风险。具体来说，与最低四分位或三分位相比，最高四分位或三分位的儿童的比值比（95%CI）如下：谷物 0.59（0.41-0.83）；坚果 0.60（0.43-0.85）；蔬菜 0.67（0.48-0.94）；LNDF 0.43（0.29-0.63）；以及乳制品 1.36（0.97，1.92）。
定期摄入特定的植物性食物可能有助于预防儿童和青少年超重。
