Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT48UB, United Kingdom.
Mar Environ Res. 2011 Jul;72(1-2):25-32. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 Jun 6.
This study assessed numerous histological parameters as markers of health status in mussels (Mytilus spp.) collected from several locations along a contamination gradient on the River Tamar and two coastal sites on the north and south coast of Cornwall, UK. Twenty-seven health parameters were assessed including the presence of pathogens, inflammatory lesions, non-specific pathologies and reproductive condition. Logistic regression showed that reproductive condition and inflammatory lesions showed changes indicative of a contamination gradient response. Mussel populations further upstream within the Tamar were relatively less developed compared to mussels situated downstream in the estuary. Compared to coastal locations, mussels sampled within the Tamar also exhibited a higher prevalence of inflammatory lesions that increased at locations situated furthest upstream. Similarly, levels of lipofuscin within the kidney epithelium were highest in mussels sampled within the estuary and Whitsand Bay compared to Trebarwith Strand. The most prevalent pathogens observed during this survey included Rickettsia/Chlamydia-like organisms (R/CLO), gill ciliates including Ancistrum mytili, the copepod Mytilicola intestinalis, Ciliophora-like organisms and Marteilia sp. Marteilia sp. was observed in 31% of the mussels sampled from the Cremyll Ferry site. Generally, the range and prevalence of pathogens was highest from the two estuarine locations at Cremyll Ferry and Wilcove. No significant differences were observed between estuarine sampling sites and Whitsand Bay with respect to median epithelial cell height of digestive tubules, however mussels from Trebarwith Strand did exhibit a reduced median epithelial cell height compared to mussels sampled from other sampling sites. Species genotyping was also undertaken during this study in order to consider any histological differences in relation to species. Results are discussed in relation to histopathology health parameters and biological effects monitoring.
本研究评估了来自塔玛河污染梯度上的多个地点以及英国康沃尔郡北部和南部沿海两个地点的贻贝（Mytilus spp.）的许多组织学参数，将其作为健康状况的标志物。评估了 27 个健康参数，包括病原体、炎症病变、非特异性病变和生殖状况的存在。逻辑回归显示，生殖状况和炎症病变的变化表明存在污染梯度响应。与河口下游的贻贝相比，塔玛河上游的贻贝种群发育相对较差。与沿海地区相比，在塔玛河内采样的贻贝也表现出更高的炎症病变发生率，在上游位置增加。同样，在河口和惠特桑德湾采样的贻贝肾上皮内的脂褐素水平高于特雷巴思特兰德。在本次调查中观察到的最常见病原体包括类立克次体/衣原体样生物（R/CLO）、包括Ancistrum mytili 在内的鳃纤毛虫、Mytilicola intestinalis 桡足类、纤毛虫样生物和 Marteilia sp. 在从克里梅尔渡轮站点采集的贻贝中，有 31%观察到 Marteilia sp. 一般来说，在克里梅尔渡轮和威尔考夫这两个河口地点，病原体的范围和流行率最高。就消化管上皮细胞高度的中位数而言，河口采样点与惠特桑德湾之间没有观察到显著差异，但与其他采样点相比，特雷巴思特兰德的贻贝表现出降低的中位数上皮细胞高度。本研究还进行了物种基因分型，以考虑与物种相关的任何组织学差异。结果与组织病理学健康参数和生物效应监测相关联进行了讨论。
