Biron C, Beaudoux O, Ponge A, Briend-Godet V, Corne F, Tripodi D, Hazart I, Esbelin J, Biron A, Boutoille D, Raffi F
Centre de vaccinations polyvalentes, immeuble Le Tourville, CHU de Nantes, 1, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes cedex, France.
Med Mal Infect. 2011 Aug;41(8):415-23. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2010.09.002. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
A recent measles epidemic in France incited us to report and describe measles cases requiring hospitalization, to raise the awareness of health professionals on under-diagnosis and frequent complications of this viral disease.
We carried out a retrospective and epidemiologic study of measles cases recorded in the Nantes Teaching Hospital between August 2008 and September 2009. All these cases where confirmed by biological diagnosis and recorded by the Teaching Hospital virological laboratory.
Thirteen cases of measles (11 adults and two children) were recorded during the study period. Adults were young (mean age 21.4 years); the oldest was 35 years old. We noted two severe cases with viral pneumonia and hypoxemia and one case with bacterial pneumonia. Two female patients were pregnant; one delivered prematurely, in the acute phase of measles, with no complication for the newborn. Two cases occurred in the nursing staff by documented nosocomial transmission. Sixty-nine percent of the patients were not vaccinated whereas the vaccinal status was not documented for 31%.
These cases underline the potential severity of this infection and the difficulty to diagnose measles at the early phase because of lack of awareness of medical staff. It will be necessary to reinforce prevention messages and promote measles vaccination in children as well as in young people and health workers.
法国近期的麻疹疫情促使我们报告并描述需住院治疗的麻疹病例，以提高医护人员对这种病毒性疾病诊断不足及常见并发症的认识。
我们对2008年8月至2009年9月在南特教学医院记录的麻疹病例进行了回顾性流行病学研究。所有这些病例均经生物学诊断确诊，并由教学医院病毒学实验室记录。
研究期间记录了13例麻疹病例（11名成人和2名儿童）。成人患者较为年轻（平均年龄21.4岁）；年龄最大的为35岁。我们注意到2例严重病例伴有病毒性肺炎和低氧血症，1例伴有细菌性肺炎。2名女性患者怀孕；其中1例在麻疹急性期早产，新生儿无并发症。有2例发生在医护人员中，为有记录的医院内传播。69%的患者未接种疫苗，31%的患者疫苗接种情况未记录。
这些病例突显了这种感染的潜在严重性，以及由于医护人员认识不足导致麻疹早期诊断困难。有必要加强预防宣传，推动儿童、年轻人及医护人员接种麻疹疫苗。
