Stahl J P, Salmon D, Bruneel F, Caumes E, Freymuth F, Bru J P, Morand P, Roblot F, Schmit J L, Strady C, Timsit J F, Rabaud C
Infectious Diseases, Joseph-Fourier University 1, CHU, 38043 Grenoble, France.
Med Mal Infect. 2013 Oct;43(10):410-6. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2013.07.001. Epub 2013 Sep 16.
An epidemic of measles broke out in France in 2008. We designed a retrospective study focusing on adults hospitalized for measles in 2010/2011.
A case was any patient aged more than 15 years, hospitalized (September 2010 to September 2011) with a typical rash or a biological diagnosis. Data was collected with standardized questionnaires in participating hospitals.
Four hundred and sixty cases were reported: sex-ratio (M/F) = 0.93, median age 26 years (σ = 8.8). Twenty-nine cases were severe (6.5%), 27 of which hospitalized in an ICU. Three hundred and twelve (68%) cases had elevated serum transaminases (EST), 155 (34%) cases had pneumonia, 34 (7%) cases had elevated serum creatinine (ESC), four (0.9%) cases had elevated serum amylase and lipase (ESAL), and three (0.7%) cases had neurological symptoms. One hundred and four (23%) patients presented simultaneously with EST and pneumonia. One patient presenting with severe pneumonia died (0.2%). One hundred and ten (24%) patients received antibiotics during a median seven days.
Measles can present as various syndromes in adults and be responsible for a high burden during outbreaks. The immediate outcome is favorable in most patients. Long-term outcome needs further investigations to identify possible late complications.
2008年法国爆发了麻疹疫情。我们开展了一项回顾性研究，重点关注2010/2011年因麻疹住院的成年人。
病例为年龄超过15岁、（2010年9月至2011年9月）因典型皮疹或生物学诊断而住院的患者。通过参与研究的医院使用标准化问卷收集数据。
共报告460例病例：性别比（男/女）=0.93，中位年龄26岁（标准差=8.8）。29例为重症（6.5%），其中27例在重症监护病房住院。312例（68%）血清转氨酶升高（EST），155例（34%）患肺炎，34例（7%）血清肌酐升高（ESC），4例（0.9%）血清淀粉酶和脂肪酶升高（ESAL），3例（0.7%）有神经系统症状。104例（23%）患者同时出现EST和肺炎。1例重症肺炎患者死亡（0.2%）。110例（24%）患者在中位时间7天内接受了抗生素治疗。
麻疹在成人中可表现为多种综合征，在疫情爆发期间造成沉重负担。大多数患者的近期预后良好。长期预后需要进一步调查以确定可能的晚期并发症。
