Conservation, Ecology and Animal Behaviour Group, Prédio 41, Mestrado em Zoologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Biol Lett. 2011 Dec 23;7(6):840-2. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2011.0529. Epub 2011 Jun 29.
Urban areas and many natural habitats are being dominated by a new selection pressure: anthropogenic noise. The ongoing expansion of urban areas, roads and airports throughout the world makes the noise almost omnipresent. Urbanization and the increase of noise levels form a major threat to living conditions in and around cities. Insight into the behavioural strategies of urban survivors may explain the sensitivity of other species to urban selection pressures. Here, we show that urban black-tufted marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) living in noisy urban areas may select their home-range based primarily on ambient noise level. We have tested the hypothesis that the noise from vehicular traffic and visitors in an urban park in Brazil influences the use of home-range (space) by urban marmosets. Marmosets even avoided noisy areas with high food availability. In addition, they systematically preferred the quieter areas even with dynamic changes in the acoustic landscape of the park between weekdays and Sundays (no observations were made on Saturdays). These data provide evidence that the use of home-range by wild animals can be affected by a potential aversive stimulus such as noise pollution.
人为噪声。世界范围内城市地区、道路和机场的不断扩张使噪声几乎无处不在。城市化和噪声水平的增加对城市及其周边地区的生活条件构成了重大威胁。了解城市幸存者的行为策略可能有助于解释其他物种对城市选择压力的敏感性。在这里，我们表明，生活在嘈杂城市地区的城市卷尾猴（Callithrix penicillata）可能会根据环境噪声水平来选择其活动范围。我们已经测试了以下假设，即巴西一个城市公园中的交通噪声和游客的噪声会影响城市卷尾猴对活动范围（空间）的利用。卷尾猴甚至避开了食物丰富但噪声很大的区域。此外，即使公园的声学景观在工作日和周日之间发生动态变化，它们也会系统地选择更安静的区域（周六没有观察到）。这些数据表明，野生动物对活动范围的利用可能会受到潜在的厌恶刺激的影响，例如噪声污染。
