Jarup Lars, Babisch Wolfgang, Houthuijs Danny, Pershagen Göran, Katsouyanni Klea, Cadum Ennio, Dudley Marie-Louise, Savigny Pauline, Seiffert Ingeburg, Swart Wim, Breugelmans Oscar, Bluhm Gösta, Selander Jenny, Haralabidis Alexandros, Dimakopoulou Konstantina, Sourtzi Panayota, Velonakis Manolis, Vigna-Taglianti Federica
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom.
Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Mar;116(3):329-33. doi: 10.1289/ehp.10775.
An increasing number of people are exposed to aircraft and road traffic noise. Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and even a small contribution in risk from environmental factors may have a major impact on public health.
The HYENA (Hypertension and Exposure to Noise near Airports) study aimed to assess the relations between noise from aircraft or road traffic near airports and the risk of hypertension.
We measured blood pressure and collected data on health, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors, including diet and physical activity, via questionnaire at home visits for 4,861 persons 45-70 years of age, who had lived at least 5 years near any of six major European airports. We assessed noise exposure using detailed models with a resolution of 1 dB (5 dB for United Kingdom road traffic noise), and a spatial resolution of 250 x 250 m for aircraft and 10 x 10 m for road traffic noise.
We found significant exposure-response relationships between night-time aircraft as well as average daily road traffic noise exposure and risk of hypertension after adjustment for major confounders. For night-time aircraft noise, a 10-dB increase in exposure was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.29]. The exposure-response relationships were similar for road traffic noise and stronger for men with an OR of 1.54 (95% CI, 0.99-2.40) in the highest exposure category (> 65 dB; p(trend) = 0.008).
Our results indicate excess risks of hypertension related to long-term noise exposure, primarily for night-time aircraft noise and daily average road traffic noise.
越来越多的人暴露于飞机和道路交通噪音中。高血压是心血管疾病的重要危险因素，即使环境因素对风险的微小贡献也可能对公众健康产生重大影响。
“HYENA（机场附近高血压与噪音暴露）”研究旨在评估机场附近飞机或道路交通噪音与高血压风险之间的关系。
我们对4861名45至70岁、在欧洲六个主要机场附近居住至少5年的人员进行了家访，通过问卷测量血压并收集健康、社会经济和生活方式因素的数据，包括饮食和身体活动。我们使用分辨率为1分贝（英国道路交通噪音为5分贝）的详细模型评估噪音暴露，飞机噪音的空间分辨率为250×250米，道路交通噪音为10×10米。
在对主要混杂因素进行调整后，我们发现夜间飞机噪音以及每日平均道路交通噪音暴露与高血压风险之间存在显著的暴露-反应关系。对于夜间飞机噪音，暴露增加10分贝与比值比（OR）为1.14[95%置信区间（CI），1.01 - 1.29]相关。道路交通噪音的暴露-反应关系相似，在最高暴露类别（>65分贝；p趋势 = 0.008）中，男性的关系更强，OR为1.54（95%CI，0.99 - 2.40）。
我们的结果表明，长期噪音暴露与高血压风险增加有关，主要是夜间飞机噪音和每日平均道路交通噪音。
