University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Depress Anxiety. 2011 Jul;28(7):532-40. doi: 10.1002/da.20847.
This study examines whether changes in negative beliefs about oneself, others, and the world occur as a result of early intervention aimed at preventing the development of chronic PTSD and further explores whether changes in negative beliefs during early intervention mediate long-term changes in psychopathology and functioning.
Ninety recent female assault survivors were randomized to 4-week early intervention programs: brief cognitive behavioral intervention, weekly assessment, or supportive counseling (SC). Changes in negative beliefs were examined from preintervention to postintervention.
Negative beliefs improved across interventions, with somewhat less benefit reported by participants receiving SC. As expected, before intervention more severe negative beliefs were associated with higher initial trauma reactions and these negative beliefs generally improved from preintervention to postintervention. Moreover, for the brief cognitive-behavioral intervention, changes in perceptions of self and one's safety mediated longer-term changes in trauma-related symptoms.
The present results highlight the potential importance of changes in negative beliefs in long-term adjustment of recent assault survivors.
本研究旨在探讨早期干预是否会导致个体对自我、他人和世界的负面信念发生变化，以及这种变化是否能在长期内调节创伤后应激障碍的发展和功能障碍。
本研究共纳入 90 名新近遭受性侵犯的女性幸存者，将其随机分为 4 周的早期干预组：简短认知行为干预组、每周评估组或支持性心理咨询组。在干预前后，评估了参与者负面信念的变化。
干预后，参与者的负面信念均有所改善，而接受支持性心理咨询的参与者的改善程度相对较小。正如预期的那样，干预前更严重的负面信念与更高的初始创伤反应相关，并且这些负面信念通常会从干预前到干预后得到改善。此外，对于简短认知行为干预组，自我和安全感认知的变化中介了与创伤相关的症状的长期变化。
本研究结果强调了负面信念变化在近期遭受性侵犯的幸存者的长期适应中的潜在重要性。
