Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 Dec 15;119(3):194-200. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.06.004. Epub 2011 Jul 2.
Whereas problem drinking impedes smoking cessation, less is known whether marijuana use affects smoking cessation outcomes and whether smoking cessation treatment leads to changes in marijuana smoking.
In a randomized clinical trial that recruited 236 heavy drinkers seeking smoking cessation treatment, we examined whether current marijuana smokers (n=57) differed from the rest of the sample in tobacco smoking and alcohol use outcomes and whether the patterns of marijuana use changed during treatment.
Half of the marijuana users reported smoking marijuana at least weekly (an average of 42% of possible smoking days), the other half used infrequently, an average of 5% of possible days. There were no significant differences between the marijuana use groups and non-users on smoking outcomes and marijuana use did not predict smoking lapses. All participants made large reductions in weekly alcohol consumption during the trial, with weekly marijuana users reducing their drinking by 47% and at a faster rate than non-marijuana users after the 8-week follow-up. Weekly marijuana smokers also steadily decreased their marijuana use over the course of the study (at 8-, 16-, and 26-week follow-ups) by more than 24%.
These data suggest that frequent marijuana smokers may benefit from smoking cessation interventions, even when marijuana use is not explicitly discussed. These individuals do not show any more difficulty than other cigarette smokers in making efforts to reduce tobacco smoking and in fact, make meaningful changes in marijuana use and heavy drinking. Future clinical trials should examine whether smoking cessation treatment that addresses both marijuana and tobacco smoking leads to substantial reductions in marijuana use.
尽管问题饮酒会妨碍戒烟，但对于大麻使用是否会影响戒烟结果以及戒烟治疗是否会导致大麻使用情况的变化，了解较少。
在一项招募了 236 名寻求戒烟治疗的重度饮酒者的随机临床试验中，我们研究了当前大麻吸烟者（n=57）是否与样本中的其余人在烟草吸烟和酒精使用结果方面存在差异，以及大麻使用模式是否在治疗期间发生变化。
一半的大麻使用者报告每周至少吸食大麻（平均占可能吸烟日的 42%），另一半使用者使用频率较低，平均占可能吸烟日的 5%。在吸烟结果方面，大麻使用者与非使用者之间没有显著差异，大麻使用也不能预测吸烟复发。所有参与者在试验期间大幅减少了每周的酒精摄入量，每周吸食大麻者的饮酒量减少了 47%，并且在 8 周随访后比非大麻使用者的饮酒量减少速度更快。每周吸食大麻者在研究过程中（在 8 周、16 周和 26 周随访时）也稳步减少了大麻的使用量，减少了超过 24%。
这些数据表明，即使没有明确讨论大麻使用问题，经常吸食大麻的人也可能从戒烟干预中受益。这些人在减少烟草吸烟方面与其他香烟吸烟者一样没有遇到更多困难，实际上在大麻使用和重度饮酒方面都发生了有意义的变化。未来的临床试验应该研究是否解决大麻和烟草吸烟问题的戒烟治疗会导致大麻使用的大幅减少。
