Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2011 Jun;104(3):1093-102. doi: 10.1603/ec10393.
Relative house fly, Musca domestica L., activity at three large dairies in central California was monitored during the peak fly activity period from June to August 2005 by using spot cards, fly tapes, bait traps, and Alsynite traps. Counts for all monitoring methods were significantly related at two of three dairies; with spot card counts significantly related to fly tape counts recorded the same week, and both spot card counts and fly tape counts significantly related to bait trap counts 1-2 wk later. Mean fly counts differed significantly between dairies, but a significant interaction between dairies sampled and monitoring methods used demonstrates that between-dairy comparisons are unwise. Estimate precision was determined by the coefficient of variability (CV) (or SE/mean). Using a CV = 0.15 as a desired level of estimate precision and assuming an integrate pest management (IPM) action threshold near the peak house fly activity measured by each monitoring method, house fly monitoring at a large dairy would require 12 spot cards placed in midafternoon shaded fly resting sites near cattle or seven bait traps placed in open areas near cattle. Software (FlySpotter; http://ucanr.org/ sites/FlySpotter/download/) using computer vision technology was developed to count fly spots on a scanned image of a spot card to dramatically reduce time invested in monitoring house flies. Counts provided by the FlySpotter software were highly correlated to visual counts. The use of spot cards for monitoring house flies is recommended for dairy IPM programs.
在 2005 年 6 月至 8 月苍蝇活动高峰期，通过使用点带、蝇条、诱蝇笼和 Alsynite 诱蝇器，对加利福尼亚中部三个大型奶牛场的家蝇（Musca domestica L.）相对活动进行了监测。在三个奶牛场中的两个，所有监测方法的计数均显著相关；其中点带计数与同一周记录的蝇条计数显著相关，点带计数和蝇条计数均与 1-2 周后诱蝇笼的计数显著相关。平均蝇类计数在不同的奶牛场之间存在显著差异，但奶牛场采样和监测方法使用之间的显著相互作用表明，不同奶牛场之间的比较是不明智的。估计精度由变异系数（CV）（或 SE/mean）决定。假设在每个监测方法测量的家蝇活动高峰期附近，采用综合虫害管理（IPM）行动阈值，并采用 0.15 的 CV 作为所需的估计精度水平，那么在大型奶牛场进行家蝇监测需要在下午阴凉处的牛附近放置 12 个点带，或者在牛附近的开阔区域放置 7 个诱蝇笼。开发了一种使用计算机视觉技术对点带扫描图像上的蝇点进行计数的软件（FlySpotter；http://ucanr.org/sites/FlySpotter/download/），以显著减少监测家蝇所花费的时间。FlySpotter 软件提供的计数与视觉计数高度相关。建议在奶牛 IPM 计划中使用点带监测家蝇。
