Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2011 Dec;21(6):849-57. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2011.06.008. Epub 2011 Jul 5.
Patients suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders often exhibit a loss of regulation of their biological rhythms which leads to altered sleep/wake cycle, body temperature rhythm and hormonal rhythms. Whereas these symptoms have long been considered to result from the pathology of the underlying disease, increasing evidence now indicates that the circadian system may be more directly involved in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. This emerging view originated with the discovery that the genes involved in the generation of biological rhythms are expressed in many brain structures where clocks function-and perhaps malfunction. It is also due to the interesting phenotypes of clock mutant mice. Here we summarize recent reports showing that alteration of circadian clocks within key brain regions associated with neuropsychiatric disorders may be an underlying cause of the development of mental illness. We discuss how these alterations take place at both systems and molecular levels.
患有神经精神疾病的患者通常表现出生物节律调节丧失，导致睡眠/觉醒周期、体温节律和激素节律改变。虽然这些症状长期以来被认为是潜在疾病病理学的结果，但越来越多的证据表明，昼夜节律系统可能更直接地参与了精神疾病的病因。这种新出现的观点源于这样一个发现，即参与生物节律产生的基因在许多 clocks 功能的大脑结构中表达——也许是功能障碍。这也是由于 clock 突变小鼠的有趣表型。在这里，我们总结了最近的报道，表明与神经精神疾病相关的关键大脑区域内昼夜节律钟的改变可能是精神疾病发展的潜在原因。我们讨论了这些改变是如何在系统和分子水平上发生的。
