Neuroscience Graduate Program and Medical Scientist Training Program, Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Trends Mol Med. 2011 Oct;17(10):541-7. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2011.05.012. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells (Tregs) have been the focus of significant attention for their role in controlling immune responses. Although knowledge of Treg biology has burgeoned, wide gaps remain in our understanding of Treg function under both normal and pathological conditions. Pioneering studies demonstrated roles for Tregs in cancer and autoimmune diseases, including experimental autoimmune encephalitis, and this knowledge is often applied to other pathologies including neurodegenerative conditions. However, differences between immunity in neurodegeneration and in malignancy or autoimmunity are often neglected. Thus, Treg manipulations in central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative conditions often yield unexpected outcomes. In this piece, we explore how the immunology of neurodegeneration differs from that of cancer and autoimmunity and how these differences create confusion about the role of Tregs in neurodegenerative conditions.
调节性 CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)T 细胞 (Tregs) 因其在控制免疫反应中的作用而受到广泛关注。尽管 Treg 生物学的知识已经迅速发展，但我们对 Treg 在正常和病理条件下的功能仍存在很大的理解差距。开创性的研究表明 Tregs 在癌症和自身免疫性疾病中的作用，包括实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎，并且这些知识经常应用于其他病理学，包括神经退行性疾病。然而，神经退行性疾病中的免疫与恶性肿瘤或自身免疫中的免疫之间的差异常常被忽视。因此，中枢神经系统 (CNS) 神经退行性疾病中的 Treg 操作常常产生意想不到的结果。在这篇文章中，我们探讨了神经退行性疾病的免疫学与癌症和自身免疫性疾病的免疫学有何不同，以及这些差异如何导致人们对 Tregs 在神经退行性疾病中的作用产生混淆。
