García-Romero M T, Granados J, Vega-Memije M E, Arenas R
Departamento de Dermatología, Servicio de Micología, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, México D.F., México.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2012 Jan-Feb;103(1):59-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2011.03.018. Epub 2011 Jul 13.
Onychomycosis is known to have predisposing factors and a high prevalence within families that cannot be explained by within-family transmission. We determined the frequency of HLA-B and HLA-DR haplotypes in 25 families of Mexican patients with onychomycosis in order to define the role of the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in genetic susceptibility to this infection. Seventy-eight subjects participated in the study, 47 with onychomycosis and 31 healthy individuals. The frequencies of the HLA-B and HLA-DR haplotypes were compared with those found in first-degree relatives without onychomycosis and in a historic control group of healthy individuals. The frequencies in the controls were similar to those of the healthy relatives of the patients. However, on comparison of the patients with historic controls, we detected a higher frequency of the HLA-DR8 haplotype (P=.03; odds ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-36). These findings suggest that there are polymorphisms in genes of the MHC that increase susceptibility to onychomycosis, particularly haplotype HLA-DR8.
甲癣已知存在易感因素，且在家族中具有较高的患病率，而家族内传播无法解释这种现象。我们测定了25个墨西哥甲癣患者家庭中HLA - B和HLA - DR单倍型的频率，以确定II类主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）在这种感染的遗传易感性中的作用。78名受试者参与了该研究，其中47名患有甲癣，31名健康个体。将HLA - B和HLA - DR单倍型的频率与无甲癣的一级亲属以及健康个体的历史对照组中的频率进行了比较。对照组中的频率与患者健康亲属的频率相似。然而，在将患者与历史对照组进行比较时，我们检测到HLA - DR8单倍型的频率更高（P = 0.03；优势比，1.89；95%置信区间，0.98 - 3.6）。这些发现表明，MHC基因存在多态性，会增加对甲癣的易感性，尤其是单倍型HLA - DR8。
