Common Cold Centre and Healthcare Clinical Trials Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, United Kingdom.
Rhinology. 2011 Jun;49(2):131-8.
The review discusses the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the symptoms of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. An understanding of symptom mechanisms is important for the clinical diagnosis of rhinosinusitis and is important in assessing the efficacy of surgical and medical treatments for rhinosinusitis. The review will discuss the four primary symptoms used to diagnose rhinosinusitis: nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, facial pain and loss of sense of smell; and the secondary symptoms, cough, sneezing, sore throat and voice changes, epiphora, fever, and psychological effects and fatigue. The review will highlight that our understanding of a key diagnostic symptoms facial pain is limited, and that the incidence of pain with rhinosinusitis is controversial. Sneezing is a common symptom of acute rhinosinusitis with allergy but is not normally described as symptom in chronic rhinosinusitis and this anomaly is in need of more research. The mechanism of unilateral nasal obstruction with rhinosinusitis is discussed.
本文讨论了与急性和慢性鼻-鼻窦炎症状相关的生理和病理生理机制。了解症状机制对于鼻-鼻窦炎的临床诊断很重要，并且对于评估鼻-鼻窦炎的手术和药物治疗效果也很重要。本文将讨论用于诊断鼻-鼻窦炎的四个主要症状：鼻塞、鼻涕、面部疼痛和嗅觉丧失；以及次要症状，如咳嗽、打喷嚏、喉咙痛和声音变化、流泪、发热以及心理影响和疲劳。本文将强调，我们对关键诊断症状之一的面部疼痛的理解是有限的，并且鼻-鼻窦炎疼痛的发生率存在争议。打喷嚏是急性鼻-鼻窦炎伴过敏的常见症状，但通常不被描述为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的症状，这种异常需要更多的研究。本文还讨论了鼻-鼻窦炎单侧鼻塞的机制。
