Burns Andrea B, Brown Jessica S, Sachs-Ericsson Natalie, Plant E Ashby, Curtis J Thomas, Fredrickson Barbara L, Joiner Thomas E
Department of Psychology, Eppes Building, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, United States.
Pers Individ Dif. 2008 Jan;44(2):360-370. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2007.08.015.
The broaden-and-build theory (Fredrickson, 1998, 2001) predicts that positive emotions broaden the scopes of attention and cognition, thereby facilitating the building of personal resources and initiating upward spirals toward increasing emotional well-being. This study attempts to replicate and extend previous empirical support for this model. Using a sample of 185 undergraduates, we assessed whether positive affect and broad-minded coping, interpersonal trust, and social support reciprocally and prospectively predict one another over a two-month period, and whether this upward spiral might be partially based in changes in dopaminergic functioning. As hypothesized, PA and positive coping did mutually build on one another, as did PA and interpersonal trust. Contrary to expectation, PA did not demonstrate an upward spiral relation with social support. Results suggest further study of the relationship between PA and changes in dopamine metabolite levels over time is warranted.
拓展与建构理论（弗雷德里克森，1998年、2001年）预测，积极情绪会拓宽注意力和认知的范围，从而有助于个人资源的建构，并引发朝着提升情绪幸福感的上升螺旋。本研究试图复制并扩展先前对该模型的实证支持。我们以185名本科生为样本，评估了积极情感与豁达应对、人际信任和社会支持在两个月的时间里是否相互且前瞻性地预测彼此，以及这种上升螺旋是否可能部分基于多巴胺能功能的变化。正如假设的那样，积极情感和积极应对相互促进，积极情感和人际信任也是如此。与预期相反，积极情感与社会支持并未呈现出上升螺旋关系。结果表明，有必要进一步研究积极情感与多巴胺代谢物水平随时间变化之间的关系。
