Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Nov;25(8):1701-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.06.017. Epub 2011 Jul 2.
Depressed individuals not only suffer from chronic low grade inflammation, but also exhibit an inflammatory hyper-responsiveness to acute stress. We investigate whether chronic stress also induces an exaggerated inflammatory response in individuals with increased depression features. As model for chronic stress, social isolation was chosen.
Interleukin (IL)-6 and hs-CRP levels were assessed in 1547 subjects (847 men and 700 women), derived from the population-based MONICA/KORA study. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess depressed mood (depression and exhaustion subscale) and social isolation (social network index). The relationship between the two inflammatory markers, social isolation and depressed mood was examined taking into account interactions social isolation × depressed mood using multivariable linear regression models, adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, alcohol, and physical activity. Analyses were performed in men and women separately.
We observed a significant interaction between depressed mood and social isolation regarding IL-6 and hs-CRP, respectively in men (p-value=0.02 for IL-6 and <0.01 for hs-CRP), evidencing a substantial synergistic effect of social isolation, and depressed mood on inflammatory responses. Furthermore, depressed and socially isolated men had highly significantly elevated IL-6 levels (geometric mean: 3.76 vs. 1.92 pg/ml, p-value <0.01) and heightened hs-CRP levels (geometric mean: 2.01 vs. 1.39 mg/l, p=0.08) in comparison with non-depressed and socially integrated men. In women, no significant associations were seen.
The interaction of depressed mood and social isolation elicits a substantial synergistic impact on inflammatory markers in men, but not in depressed women.
抑郁个体不仅患有慢性低度炎症，而且对急性应激表现出炎症高反应性。我们研究了慢性应激是否也会在具有更高抑郁特征的个体中引起过度的炎症反应。选择社会隔离作为慢性应激的模型。
在基于人群的 MONICA/KORA 研究中，评估了 1547 名受试者（847 名男性和 700 名女性）的白细胞介素（IL）-6 和高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平。使用标准化问卷评估抑郁情绪（抑郁和疲惫子量表）和社会隔离（社会网络指数）。考虑到社会隔离×抑郁情绪的相互作用，使用多变量线性回归模型检查这两个炎症标志物与社会隔离和抑郁情绪之间的关系，调整了年龄、BMI、吸烟、饮酒和身体活动。分别在男性和女性中进行分析。
我们观察到，在男性中，抑郁情绪和社会隔离之间在白细胞介素（IL）-6 和 hs-CRP 方面存在显著的相互作用（p 值分别为 0.02 和<0.01），表明社会隔离和抑郁情绪对炎症反应具有实质性的协同作用。此外，抑郁和社会隔离的男性的白细胞介素（IL）-6 水平显著升高（几何均数：3.76 与 1.92 pg/ml，p 值<0.01）和 hs-CRP 水平升高（几何均数：2.01 与 1.39 mg/l，p=0.08）与非抑郁和社会整合的男性相比。在女性中，未观察到显著相关性。
抑郁情绪和社会隔离的相互作用对男性的炎症标志物产生了实质性的协同影响，但对抑郁女性没有影响。
