Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA.
Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2011 Oct;4(10):1590-8. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0136. Epub 2011 Jul 15.
Diet, nutritional status, and certain dietary supplements are postulated to influence the development and progression of prostate cancer. Angiogenesis and inflammation are central to tumor growth and progression, but the effect of diet on these processes remains uncertain. We explored changes in 50 plasma cytokines and angiogenic factors (CAF) in 145 men with prostate cancer enrolled in a preoperative, randomized controlled phase II trial with four arms: control (usual diet), low-fat (LF) diet, flaxseed-supplemented (FS) diet, and FS+LS diet. The mean duration of dietary intervention was 30 to 31 days. Among the individual arms, the largest number of significant changes (baseline vs. preoperative follow-up) was observed in the LF arm, with 19 CAFs decreasing and one increasing (P < 0.05). Compared with the control arm, 6 CAFs-including proangiogenic factors (stromal-cell derived-1α) and myeloid factors (granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor)-all decreased in the LF arm compared with controls; three and four CAFs changed in the FS and FS+LF arms, respectively. Weight loss occurred in the LF arms and significantly correlated with VEGF decreases (P < 0.001). The CAFs that changed in the LF arm are all known to be regulated by NF-κB, and a pathway analysis identified NF-κB as the most likely regulatory network associated with these changes in the LF arm but not in the FS-containing arms. These results suggest that a LF diet without flaxseed may reduce levels of specific inflammatory CAFs and suggests that the NF-κB pathway may be a mediator of these changes.
饮食、营养状况和某些膳食补充剂被认为会影响前列腺癌的发生和发展。血管生成和炎症是肿瘤生长和进展的核心，但饮食对这些过程的影响仍不确定。我们研究了在一项术前、随机对照的 II 期临床试验中，145 名前列腺癌患者的 50 种血浆细胞因子和血管生成因子（CAF）的变化。该试验有四个组：对照组（常规饮食）、低脂肪（LF）饮食、亚麻籽补充（FS）饮食和 FS+LS 饮食。饮食干预的平均持续时间为 30 至 31 天。在各个组中，LF 组观察到最大数量的显著变化（基线与术前随访），有 19 种 CAF 减少，一种增加（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，LF 组中 6 种 CAF（包括促血管生成因子[基质细胞衍生因子-1α]和髓样因子[粒细胞集落刺激因子、巨噬细胞集落刺激因子]）均低于对照组；FS 组和 FS+LS 组分别有 3 种和 4 种 CAF 发生变化。LF 组出现体重减轻，与 VEGF 减少显著相关（P<0.001）。在 LF 组中发生变化的 CAF 均已知受 NF-κB 调节，通路分析确定 NF-κB 是与 LF 组中这些变化最相关的可能调节网络，而与含 FS 的组无关。这些结果表明，不含亚麻籽的 LF 饮食可能会降低特定炎症性 CAF 的水平，并表明 NF-κB 通路可能是这些变化的介导者。
